日积月累 * 民法总则第24-25条【译评】

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法条原文

第二十四条

不能辨认或者不能完全辨认自己行文的成年人,其利害关系人或者有关组织,可以向人民法院申请认定该成年人为无民事行为能力人或者限制民事行为能力人。

被人民法院认定为无民事行为能力人或者限制民事行为能力人的,经本人、利害关系人或者有关组织申请,人民法院可以根据其智力、精神康复的状况,认定该成年人恢复为限制民事行为能力人或者完全民事行为能力人。

本条规定的有关组织包括:居民委员会、村民委员会、学校、医疗机构、妇女联合会、残疾人联合会、依法设立的老年人组织、民政部等。

 

第二十五条

自然人以户籍登记或者其他有效身份登记记载的居所为住所;经常居所与住所不一致的,经常居所视为住所

 

译文范例

Article 24    Where an adult is unable to comprehend or fully comprehend jis conduct, any interested person of such adult or a relevant organization may request the people’s court to declare that such adult be identified as a person with no of limited civil capacity.

 

Where a person has been thus identified by people’s court as a person with no or limited civil capacity, the people’s court may, upon request of such person , an interested person thereof, or a relevant organization , declare that such person has regained capacity to be a person with limited or full civil capacity based on the recovery of intelligence and mental health.

 

The relevant organization referred to herein include the neighborhood committees, village committees, schools, medical institutions, the associations of women, the associations of people with disabilities, any lawful established association of senior people, and the department of civil affairs.

 

Article 25 The domicile of a natural person is the residence where the person registers his household, or the residence recorded in other valid identification registration system; if the place where a natural person usually resides is different from his domicile such a place is deemed as his domicile.     

述评分析

此部分要点有五:利害关系人有关组织户籍住所居所。

1.“利害关系人”。民商法领域使用interested person或者interested party符合国际惯例。值得一提还有一词stakeholder,法律英语中其一般含义为 a person having in his/her possession (holding) money or property inwhich he/she has no interest, right or title, awaiting the outcome of adispute between two or more claimants to the money or property. Thestakeholder has a duty to deliver to the owner or owners the money orassets once the right to legal possession is established by judgment oragreement.    

2.“有关组织”。有关组织包括“居民委员会、村民委员会、学校、医疗机构、妇女联合会、残疾人联合会、依法设立的老年人组织、民政部”,这些机构英文中可能没有完全对等概念,分别翻译为“the    neighborhood committees, village committees, schools, medical institutions,    the associations of women, the associations of people with disabilities,    any lawful established association of senior people, and the department of    civil affairs”准确

3.“户籍也是中国独有制度、独有法律概念。作者翻译为“household”。改词意思是 

Individuals who comprise a family unit and who live together under thesame roof; individuals who dwell in the same place and comprise afamily, sometimes encompassing domestic help; all those who are underthe control of one domestic head.For the purposes of insurance, the terms family and household arefrequently used inter-changeably.

多余一句,小编念专门写过论文批判过中国特色的户籍制度:有侵犯人权之嫌。

4.“住所”。翻译为domicile

5.“居所”。翻译为residence

对比几个类似概念

Registered office: A registered office is the official address of an incorporated company,  association or any other legal entity. ----for legal person only

 

Business    premise: Premises,  land and buildings together considered as a property.

Domicile: (law) the residence where you have your permanent home or principal establishment and to where, whenever you are absent, you intend to return; every person is compelled to have one and only one domicile at a time. - For legal person as well as natural person.

Residence: the place where one makes his/her home. However, a person mayhave his/her state of "domicile" elsewhere for tax or other purposes,especially if the residence is for convenience or not of long standing. 2) incorporation law, the state of incorporation.

其区别明显,相信读者应该自己能够总结。

 

关键词句

interested person

neighborhood committees,

village committees

medical institutions

the associations of women

the associations of people with disabilities

association of senior people

the department of civil affairs

household

registered office

business premise

domicile

residence     

 

 

 

 

 

(文章来源:实务法律英语公众号)
发布于 2020-07-20 13:30:29
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