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Article 1 Application of URDG 本规则的适用范围 

a. The Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ("URDG") apply to any demand guarantee or counter-guarantee that expressly indicates it is subject to them. They are binding on all parties to the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee except so far as the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee modifies or excludes them. 

a．见索即付保函统一规则（简称“URDG”）适用于任何明确表明适用本规则的见索即付保函或反担保函。除非见索即付保函或反担保函对本规则的内容进行了修改或排除，本规则对见索即付保函或反担保函的所有当事人均具约束力。 

b. Where, at the request of a counter-guarantor, a demand guarantee is issued subject to the URDG, the counter-guarantee shall also be subject to the URDG, unless the counter-guarantee excludes the URDG. However, a demand guarantee does not become subject to the URDG merely because the counter-guarantee is subject to the URDG. 

b．如果应反担保人的请求，开立的见索即付保函适用URDG，则反担保函也应适用URDG，除非该反担保函明确排除适用URDG。但是，见索即付保函并不仅因反担保函适用URDG而适用URDG。 

c. Where, at the request or with the agreement of the instructing party, a demand guarantee or counter-guarantee is issued subject to the URDG, the instructing party is deemed to have accepted the rights and obligations expressly ascribed to it in these rules. 

c．如果应指示方的请求或经其同意，见索即付保函或反担保函根据URDG开立，则视为指示方已经接受了本规则明确规定的归属于指示方的权利和义务。 

d. Where a demand guarantee or counter-guarantee issued on or after 1 July 2010 states that it is subject to the URDG without stating whether the 1992 version or the 2010 revision is to apply or indicating the publication number, the demand guarantee or counter-guarantee shall be subject to the URDG 2010 revision. 

d．如果2010年7月1日或该日期之后开立的见索即付保函或反担保函声明其适用URDG，但未声明是适用1992年本还是2010年修订本，亦未表明出版物编号，则该见索即付保函或反担保函应适用URDG2010年修订本。

Article 2 Definitions 定义 

In these rules: 

在此规则中：

advising party means the party that advises the guarantee at the request of the guarantor; 

通知方：指应担保人的请求对保函进行通知的一方； 

applicant means the party indicated in the guarantee as having its obligation under the underlying relationship supported by the guarantee. The applicant may or may not be the instructing party; 

申请人：指保函中表明的、保证其承担基础关系项下义务的一方。申请人可以是指示方，也可以不是指示方；

application means the request for the issue of the guarantee; 

申请：指开立保函的请求； 

authenticated, when applied to an electronic document, means that the party to whom that document is presented is able to verify the apparent identity of the sender and whether the data received have remained complete and unaltered; 

经验证的：当适用于电子单据时，指该单据的接收人能够验证发送人的表面身份以及所收到的信息是否完整且未被更改；

beneficiary means the party in whose favour a guarantee is issued; 

受益人：指接受保函并享有其利益的一方； 

business day means a day on which the place of business where an act of a kind subject to these rules is to be performed is regularly open for the performance of such an act; 

营业日：指为履行受本规则约束的行为的营业地点通常开业的一天；

charges mean any commissions, fees, costs or expenses due to any party acting under a guarantee governed by these rules; 

费用：指适用本规则的保函项下应支付给任何一方的佣金、费用、成本或开支；

complying demand means a demand that meets the requirements of a complying presentation; 

相符索赔：指满足“相符交单”要求的索赔；

complying presentation under a guarantee means a presentation that is in accordance with, first, the terms and conditions of that guarantee, second, these rules so far as consistent with those terms and conditions and, third, in the absence of a relevant provision in the guarantee or these rules, international standard demand guarantee practice; 

相符交单：保函项下的相符交单，指所提交单据及其内容首先与该保函条款和条件相符，其次与该保函条款和条件一致的本规则有关内容相符，最后在保函及本规则均无相关规定的情况下，与见索即付保函国际标准实务相符；

counter-guarantee means any signed undertaking, however named or described, that is given by the counter-guarantor to another party to procure the issue by that other party of a guarantee or another counter-guarantee, and that provides for payment upon the presentation of a complying demand under the counter-guarantee issued in favour of that party; 

反担保函：无论其如何命名或描述，指由反担保人提供给另一方，以便该另一方开立保函或另一反担保函的任何签署的承诺，反担保人承诺在其开立的反担保函项下，根据该受益人提交的相符索赔进行付款；

counter-guarantor means the party issuing a counter-guarantee, whether in favour of a guarantor or another counter-guarantor, and includes a party acting for its own account; 

反担保人：指开立反担保函的一方，可以是以担保人为受益人或是以另一反担保人为受益人，也包括为自己开立反担保函的情况；

demand means a signed document by the beneficiary demanding payment under a guarantee; 

索赔：指在保函项下受益人签署的要求付款的文件；

demand guarantee or guarantee means any signed undertaking, however named or described, providing for payment on presentation of a complying demand; 

见索即付保函或保函：无论其如何命名或描述，指根据提交的相符索赔进行付款的任何签署的承诺；

document means a signed or unsigned record of information, in paper or in electronic form, that is capable of being reproduced in tangible form by the person to whom it is presented. Under these rules, a document includes a demand and a supporting statement; 

单据：指经签署或未经签署的纸质或电子形式的信息记录，只要能够由接收单据的一方以有形的方式复制。在本规则中，单据包括索赔书和支持声明；

expiry means the expiry date or the expiry event or, if both are specified, the earlier of the two; 

失效：指失效日或失效事件，或两者均被约定情况下的较早发生者； 

expiry date means the date specified in the guarantee on or before which a presentation may be made; 

失效日：指保函中指明的最迟交单日期；

expiry event means an event which under the terms of the guarantee results in its expiry, whether immediately or within a specified time after the event occurs, for which purpose the event is deemed to occur only: 

失效事件：指保函条款中约定导致保函失效的事件，无论是在该事件发生之后立即失效，还是此后指明的一段时间内失效。失效事件只有在下列情况下才视为发生：

a. when a document specified in the guarantee as indicating the occurrence of the event is presented to the guarantor, or 

a．保函中指明的表明失效事件发生的单据向担保人提交之时； 或者

b. if no such document is specified in the guarantee, when the occurrence of the event becomes determinable from the guarantor's own records. 

b．如果保函中没有指明该种单据，则当根据担保人自身记录可以确定失效事件已经发生之时。

guarantee, see demand guarantee; 

保函：见索即付保函：

guarantor means the party issuing a guarantee, and includes a party acting for its own account; 

担保人：指开立保函的一方，包括为自己开立保函的情况；

guarantor's own records means records of the guarantor showing amounts credited to or debited from accounts held with the guarantor, provided the record of those credits or debits enables the guarantor to identify the guarantee to which they relate; 

担保人自身记录：指在担保人处所开立账户的借记或贷记记录，这些借记或贷记记录能够让担保人识别其所对应均保函；

instructing party means the party, other than the counter-guarantor, who gives instructions to issue a guarantee or counter-guarantee and is responsible for indemnifying the guarantor or, in the case of a counter-guarantee, the counter-guarantor. The instructing party may or may not be the applicant; 

指示方：指反担保人之外的，发出开立保函或反担保函指示并向担保人（或者反担保函情况下向反担保人）承担赔偿责任的一方。指示方可以是申请人，也可以不是申请人；

presentation means the delivery of a document under a guarantee to the guarantor or the document so delivered. It includes a presentation other than for a demand, for example, a presentation for the purpose of triggering the expiry of the guarantee or a variation of its amount; 

交单：指根据保函向担保人提交单据的行为或依此交付的单据。交单包括索赔目的之外的交单，例如，为了保函效期或金额变动的交单；

presenter means a person who makes a presentation as or on behalf of the beneficiary or the applicant, as the case may be; 

交单人：指作为受益人或代表受益人进行交单的人，或在适用情况下，作为申请人或代表申请人进行交单的人；

signed, when applied to a document, a guarantee or a counter-guarantee, means that an original of the same is signed by or on behalf of its issuer, whether by an electronic signature that can be authenticated by the party to whom that document, guarantee or counter-guarantee is presented or by handwriting, facsimile signature, perforated signature, stamp, symbol or other mechanical method; 

签署：当适用于单据、保函或反担保函时，指其正本经出具人签署或出具人的代表人签署，既可以用电子签名（只要能被单据、保函或反担保函的接收人验证），也可以用手签、摹样签字、穿孔签字、印戳、符号或其它机械验证的方式签署；

supporting statement means the statement referred to in either article 15 (a) or article 15 (b); 

支持声明：指第15条a款或第15条b款所引述的声明文件；  

underlying relationship means the contract, tender conditions or other relationship between the applicant and the beneficiary on which the guarantee is based. 

基础关系：指保函开立所基于的申请人与受益人之间的合同、招标条件或其他关系。

Article 3 Interpretation 解释 

In these rules: 

就本规则而言： 

a. Branches of a guarantor in different countries are considered to be separate entities. 

a．担保人在不同国家的分支机构视为不同的实体。 

b. Except where the context otherwise requires, a guarantee includes a counter-guarantee and any amendment to either, a guarantor includes a counter-guarantor, and a beneficiary includes the party in whose favour a counter-guarantee is issued. 

b．除非另有规定，保函包括反担保函以及保函和反担保函的任何修改书，担保人包括反担保人，受益人包括因反担保函开立而受益的一方。 

c. Any requirement for presentation of one or more originals or copies of an electronic document is satisfied by the presentation of one electronic document. 

c．关于提交一份或多份电子单据正本或副本的任何要求在提交一份电子单据时即为满足。 

d. When used with a date or dates to determine the start, end or duration of any period, the terms: 

d．在表明任何期间的起始、结束或持续时， 

i.  "from", "to", "until", "till" and "between", include; and the date or dates mentioned. 

i．词语 “从......开始（from）”、“至（to）”、“直至（until，till）”及“在„„之间（between）”，包括所提及的日期； 

ii. "before" and "after" exclude the date or dates mentioned. 

ii．词语 “在......之前（before）”以及“在......之后（after）”，不包括所提及的日期。 

e. The term "within", when used in connection with a period after a given date or event, excludes that date or the date of that event but includes the last date of that period. 

e．词语“在„„之内（ within）”用来描述某个具体日期或事件之后的一段期间时，不包括该日期或该事件的日期，但包括该期间的最后一日。  

f. Terms such as "first class", "well-known", "qualified", "independent", "official", "competent" or "local" when used to describe the issuer of a document allow any issuer except the beneficiary or the applicant to issue that document. 

f．如用“第一流的”、“著名的”、“合格的”、“独立的”、“正式的”、“有资格的”或“本地的”等词语用来描述单据的出具人时，允许除受益人或申请人之外的任何人出具该单据。

Article 4 Issue and effectiveness 开立和生效

a. A guarantee is issued when it leaves the control of the guarantor. 

a．保函一旦脱离担保人的控制即为开立。 

b. A guarantee is irrevocable on issue even if it does not state this. 

b．保函一旦开立即不可撤销，即使保函中并未声明其不可撤销。  

c. The beneficiary may present a demand from the time of issue of the guarantee or such later time or event as the guarantee provides. 

c．受益人有权自保函开立之日或保函约定的开立之后的其他日期或事件之日起提交索赔。

Article 5 Independence of guarantee and counter-guarantee 保函和反担保函的独立性

a. A guarantee is by its nature independent of the underlying relationship and the application, and the guarantor is in no way concerned with or bound by such relationship. A reference in the guarantee to the underlying relationship for the purpose of identifying it does not change the independent nature of the guarantee. The undertaking of a guarantor to pay under the guarantee is not subject to claims or defences arising from any relationship other than a relationship between the guarantor and the beneficiary. 

a．保函就其性质而言，独立于基础关系和申请，担保人完全不受这些关系的影响或约束。保函中为了指明所对应的基础关系而予以引述，并不改变保函的独立性。担保人在保函项下的付款义务，不受任何关系项下产生的请求或抗辩的影响，但担保人与受益人之间的关系除外。 

b. A counter-guarantee is by its nature independent of the guarantee, the underlying relationship, the application and any other counter-guarantee to which it relates, and the counter-guarantor is in no way concerned with or bound by such relationship. A reference in the counter-guarantee to the underlying relationship for the purpose of identifying it does not change the independent nature of the counter-guarantee. The undertaking of a counter-guarantor to pay under the counter-guarantee is not subject to claims or defences arising from any relationship other than a relationship between the counter-guarantor and the guarantor or other counter-guarantor to whom the counter-guarantee is issued. 

b．反担保函就其性质而言，独立于其所相关的保函、基础关系、申请及其他任何反担保函，反担保人完全不受这些关系的影响或约束。反担保函中为了指明所对应的基础关系而予以引述，并不改变反担保函的独立性。反担保人在反担保函项下的付款义务，不受任何关系项下产生的请求或抗辩的影响，但反担保人与担保人或该反担保函向其开立的其他反担保人之间的关系除外。

Article 6 Documents v. goods, services or performance 单据和货物、服务或者履约行为

Guarantors deal with documents and not with goods, services or performance to which the documents may relate. 

担保人处理的是单据，而不是单据可能涉及的货物、服务或履约行为。

Article 7 Non-documentary conditions 非单据条件

A guarantee should not contain a condition other than a date or the lapse of a period without specifying a document to indicate compliance with that condition. If the guarantee does not specify any such document and the fulfilment of the condition cannot be determined from the guarantor's own records or from an index specified in the guarantee, then the guarantor will deem such condition as not stated and will disregard it except for the purpose of determining whether data that may appear in a document specified in and presented under the guarantee do not conflict with data in the guarantee. 

除日期条件之外，保函中不应约定一项条件，却未规定表明满足该条件要求的单据。如果保函中未指明这样的单据，并且根据担保人自身记录或者保函中指明的指数也无法确定该条件是否满足，则担保人将视该条件未予要求并不予置理，除非为了确定保函中指明提交的某个单据中可能出现的信息是否与保函中的信息不存在矛盾。

Article 8 Content of instructions and guarantees 指示和保函的内容 

All instructions for the issue of guarantees and guarantees themselves should be clear and precise and should avoid excessive detail. It is recommended that all guarantees specify: 

开立保函的指示以及保函本身都应该清晰、准确，避免加列过多细节。建议保函明确如下内容：  

a. the applicant; 申请人 

b. the beneficiary; 受益人 

c. the guarantor; 担保人 

d. a reference number or other information identifying the underlying relationship; 指明基础关系的编号或其他信息； 

e. a reference number or other information identifying the issued guarantee or, in the case of a counter-guarantee, the issued counter-guarantee; 指明所开立的保函，或者反担保函情况下所开立的反担保函的编号或其他信息； 

f. the amount or maximum amount payable and the currency in which it is payable; 赔付金额或最高赔付金额以及币种；

g. the expiry of the guarantee; 保函的失效；

h. any terms for demanding payment; 索赔条件；

i. whether a demand or other document shall be presented in paper and/or electronic form; 索偿要求或其他单据应该用纸质形式还是电子形式提交

j. the language of any document specified in the guarantee; and 

保函中规定的单据所使用的语言；以及

k. the party liable for the payment of any charges. 费用的承担方。

Article 9 Application not taken up 未被执行的申请 

Where, at the time of receipt of the application, the guarantor is not prepared or is unable to issue the guarantee, the guarantor should without delay so inform the party that gave the guarantor its instructions. 

担保人在收到开立保函的申请，而不准备或无法开立保函时，应毫不延迟地通知向其发出指示的一方。

Article 10 Advising of guarantee or amendment 保函或保函修改书的通知

a. A guarantee may be advised to a beneficiary through an advising party. By advising a guarantee, whether directly or by utilizing the services of another party ("second advising party"), the advising party signifies to the beneficiary and, if applicable, to the second advising party, that it has satisfied itself as to the apparent authenticity of the guarantee and that the advice accurately reflects the terms and conditions of the guarantee as received by the advising party. 

a．保函可由通知方通知给受益人。无论是对保函直接进行通知，还是利用其他人（第二通知方）的服务进行通知，通知方都向受益人（以及适用情况下的第二通知方）表明，其确信保函的表面真实性，并且该通知准确反映了其所收到的保函条款。

b. By advising a guarantee, the second advising party signifies to the beneficiary that it has satisfied itself as to the apparent authenticity of the advice it has received and that the advice accurately reflects the terms and conditions of the guarantee as received by the second advising party. 

b．当第二通知方对保函进行通知时，应向受益人表明，其确信所收到的通知的表面真实性，并且该通知准确反映了其所收到的保函条款。

c. An advising party or a second advising party advises a guarantee without any additional representation or any undertaking whatsoever to the beneficiary. 

c．通知方或第二通知方通知保函，不对受益人承担任何额外的责任或义务。

d. If a party is requested to advise a guarantee or an amendment but is not prepared or is unable to do so, it should without delay so inform the party from whom it received that guarantee, amendment or advice. 

d．如果一方被请求对保函或保函修改书进行通知但其不准备或无法进行通知时，则应毫不延迟地通知向其发送保函、保函修改书或通知的一方。

e. If a party is requested to advise a guarantee, and agrees to do so, but cannot satisfy itself as to the apparent authenticity of that guarantee or advice, it shall without delay so inform the party from whom the instructions appear to have been received. If the advising party or second advising party elects nonetheless to advise that guarantee, it shall inform the beneficiary or second advising party that it has not been able to satisfy itself as to the apparent authenticity of the guarantee or the advice. 

e．如果一方被请求对保函进行通知并同意予以通知，但无法确信该保函或通知的表面真实性，则其应毫不延迟地就此通知向其发出该指示的一方。如果通知方或第二通知方仍然选择通知该保函，则其应通知受益人或第二通知方其无法确信该保函或通知的表面真实性。

f. A guarantor using the services of an advising party or a second advising party, as well as an advising party using the services of a second advising party, to advise a guarantee should whenever possible use the same party to advise any amendment to that guarantee. 

f．担保人利用通知方或第二通知方的服务对保函进行通知，以及通知方利用第二通知方的服务对保函进行通知的，在尽可能的情况下，应经由同一人对该保函的任何修改书进行通知。

（本文转自“译匠”公众号，已获授权）