Prison/Penitentiary/Gaol (jail)
三者均有关押罪犯设施的含义。
其中,gaol(英式英语,美式英语称为jail多指地方(县、市等)的监狱设施,多关押未决犯或轻罪犯,故应译为“看守所”或“地方监狱”。prison和penitentiary词义相近,指关押已决犯的联邦或州监狱,被监禁者所犯罪行一般都较严重,也称为 penal institution, adult correctional institution,而penitentiary则尤指关押重罪犯的场所。
Prison
监狱(州或联邦的关押罪犯的场所尤指关押重罪犯的设施,也称为penitentary penal institution, adult correctional institution
Prison act监狱法
Prison bird因犯
prison breach越狱
prison break越狱
prison breaking越狱
Prison camp战俘营(用于羁押战俘的集中营),劳囚集中营(指一种最低设防营地,关押表现较好且多在政府项目中劳动改造的囚犯)
Prison doctor监狱医生
prison escapee监狱脱逃犯
prison factory犯人劳动场所,监狱工厂,囚犯工厂
英文释义:
A building or complex where people are kept in long-term confinement as punishment for a crime or in short-term detention while waiting to go to court as criminal defendants; specif, a state or federal facility of confinement for convicted criminals, esp felons.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
Penitentiary
n.[美]妓女收容所,矫正设施,[美]监狱,监管机构( penal institution)(天主教)宗教裁判所,宗教裁判员,罪犯忏悔所(古英格兰和现代美国对监狱的称呼)
a.教养的,监禁的,应予惩罚的,悔罪的
Penitentiary misdemeanor有加重情节的轻罪
英文释义:
A correctional facility or other place of long-term confinement for convicted criminals; PRISON.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
Gaol (jail)
gaol和jail同义,均为“监狱”或“看守所”,指关押未决犯或轻罪犯之场所。gaol为英国人通用,而jail则为美式英语。
n.[英]看守所拘留所,监禁(同美国的jail)
v.将某人收监
Gaol bird囚犯,人犯
Gaol break越狱
delivery犯人集体脱逃(指几个罪犯逃跑入,古]清理看守所(指巡回法官提审看守所所有人犯,该判刑则判刑,不该判刑则释放,由此清理整个看守所,也称为 jail delivery)
Gaol liberties自由活动区( cf. jail liberties)
Gaol sentences徒刑
Gaol sessions[英]」监狱法庭(指由两名郡法院法官和郡狱政管理官员组成的法庭,1877年其职责移交内务大臣)
英文释义:
A prison; esp., a local government's detention center where persons awaiting trial or those convicted of misdemeanors are confined.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
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