Standards for Demonstrative Courts for Judicial Transparency

司法公开示范法院标准

Promulgating Institution: Supreme People's Court

Document Number: Fa [2010] No. 383

Promulgating Date: 10/15/2010

Effective Date: 10/15/2010

颁布机关: 最高人民法院

文    号: 法[2010]383号

颁布时间: 10/15/2010

实施时间: 10/15/2010

Text

正文

In order to further ensure the implementation of the Six Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Judicial Transparency and improve demonstrative courts' judicial transparency work, the following standards for demonstration and evaluation methods are formulated.

    为进一步落实《最高人民法院关于司法公开的六项规定》,提高示范法院的司法公开工作水平,制定以下示范标准及考评办法。

I. Transparency in Case Initiation (15 points)

1. A people's court shall set up service windows for case initiation and making complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public, establish information desks for litigation, and offer guiders for litigation for the purposes of informing litigation risk, inquiring about case information, answering questions about litigation, guiding visitors to choose reasonable alternative dispute resolution, and accepting and replying the said complaints etc. (4 points)

2. A people's court shall release such information as criteria for initiation of various cases, case initiation workflow, legal document formats, litigation fee standards, procedures and conditions for reduction and exemption of litigation fees and rights and obligations of the parties concerned through publicity board, bulletin board, touch screen or the court's website. The court shall establish an online inquiry system for case information, providing such information as case number, date of case initiation, grounds, names of the parties concerned, the list of the persons handling the case and the members of the collegial panel, the workflow for handling a case etc. etc. (8 points)

3. A people's court shall inform the plaintiff the status of acceptance of a case on a timely basis. Where a case is not accepted, the court shall deliver to the parties concerned such legal documents as the ruling not to accept a case, the notification disapproving a rehearing application, ruling to reject a rehearing application and the notification to reject appeal, and give explanations and inform the parties of the related litigation rights. (3 points)

     一、立案公开(15分)

    1、设立立案、信访服务窗口,设置导诉台,配备导诉人员,告知诉讼风险、查询案件信息、解答诉讼疑问、引导当事人合理选择诉讼外纠纷解决方式、进行信访接待答复等。(4分)

    2、通过宣传栏、公告牌、电子触摸屏或者法院网站等,公开各类案件的立案条件、立案流程、法律文书样式、诉讼费用标准、缓减免交诉讼费程序和条件、当事人权利义务等内容。建立案件信息网上查询系统,内容包括案件的案号、立案日期、案由、当事人姓名或名称、案件承办人和合议庭组成人员名单、案件流程等。(8分)

    3、人民法院应当及时将案件受理情况告知当事人。对于不予受理的,应当及时将不予受理裁定书、不予受理再审申请通知书、驳回再审申请裁定书、驳回申诉通知书等相关法律文书依法送达当事人,并说明理由,告知当事人有关诉讼权利。(3分)

II. Transparency in Court Trial (20 points)

4. Any case of the public trial is required by the law or judicial interpretations shall be tried publicly. Close relatives of the parties concerned, media reporters and the public shall be allowed to sit in on the public trial, and no barrier may be set up against the sit-in on the trial. For high-profile cases with major influence, appropriate venue shall be arranged for the trial according to the size of the audience. A demonstrative court shall regularly invite deputies to the People's Congress, members of the People's Political Consultative Conference and social organizations to sit in trials. (8 points)

5. A people's court shall provide full audio or video coverage for trial proceedings in accordance with relevant provisions. A trial court shall provide seats for the media and set up video room for simultaneous capturing of trial proceedings. The court shall each year select a number of cases for conducting live broadcast for their trial in accordance with relevant provisions. (4 points)

6. All the evidence shall be presented in the courtroom. Authenticity of evidence shall be appraised in the courtroom whenever practical. A demonstrative court shall raise the presence of witness and forensic examiners. (4 points)

7. For a case presented to the jury for discussion, a people's court shall announce the listing of the jury members to the parties concerned and seek their comments on an application for absence of particular member(s). (2 points)

8. Where a case is not closed within the specified period, a people's court shall, before expiration of that period, inform in writing or orally the parties concerned any suspension of the case or extension of the trial and the grounds. (2 points)

     二、庭审公开(20分)

    4、依照法律和司法解释规定应当公开审理的案件一律公开审理。公开开庭审理的案件允许当事人近亲属、媒体记者和公众旁听,不得对旁听庭审设置障碍。对影响重大、社会关注度较高的案件,应根据旁听人数尽量安排合适的审判场所。定期邀请人大代表、政协委员和社会组织代表旁听庭审。(8分)

    5、按照有关规定对庭审活动进行全程同步录音或者录像。审判法庭设立媒体席,并设立同步庭审视频室。每年选择一定数量案件按照有关规定进行庭审直播。(4分)

    6、所有证据应当在法庭上公开。能当庭认证的,应当当庭认证。逐年提高证人、鉴定人的出庭比率。(4分)

    7、依法提请审判委员会讨论的案件,应当向当事人宣布审判委员会委员名单,并询问当事人是否对审判委员会委员申请回避。(2分)

    8、案件未在法定期限内审结的,应当在法定期限届满前将中止诉讼、延长审限的情况及理由以书面或者口头方式告知当事人。(2分)

III. Transparency in Enforcement (15 points)

9. A people's court shall announce such information as criteria for case initiation, fees, enforcement risks, guidelines and procedures for enforcement for the cases it handles. The court shall also disclose in the enforcement information search system information about the parties concerned, information about case initiation and properties executed, legal documentation formed during the enforcement, suspensions of enforcement and the grounds, case closures, challenges and changes to enforcement, and hearings for setting additional persons as subject of an enforcement. (5 points)

10. A people's court shall notify the parties concerned relevant information on a timely basis after taking major measures as seal-up, custody, freeze or confiscation. The court shall also publicize the criteria and procedures for selection of assessing and auction agencies, and announce to the public the list of selected appraisers, assessing or auction agencies with required qualifications. Where outside assessment or auction is used during the enforcement, the court shall disclose the process and results of the public assessment or auction to the parties concerned and relevant stakeholders. (5 points)

11. A people's court shall publicize the basic information, possession of properties and subject matter of enforcement for a person who fails to perform obligations established by relevant legal documents through such media as newspaper or the internet. Where the court fails to complete the enforcement within the specified period, it shall explain to the enforcement applicant on a timely basis. (5 points)

     三、执行公开(15分)

    9、在法院网站公开执行案件的立案标准、收费标准、执行风险、执行规范、执行程序等信息。在执行案件信息查询系统中公开当事人情况、立案信息、被执行财产信息、执行过程中形成的法律文书、执行中止情况和理由、结案信息、执行异议信息以及变更、追加被执行人阶段的听证信息等。(5分)

    10、人民法院采取查封、扣押、冻结、划拨等重大措施后,应当及时将有关情况告知双方当事人。公开选定评估、拍卖机构的条件、程序,向社会公布选定的具有相应资质的鉴定、评估机构、拍卖机构名单。案件执行中委托评估、拍卖的,向当事人和利害关系人公开评估、拍卖的过程和结果。(5分)

    11、人民法院通过报纸、网络等媒体公布不履行法律文书确定义务的被执行人的基本信息、财产状况、执行标的等信息。人民法院未按照规定的期限完成执行行为的,应当及时向申请执行人说明原因。(5分)

IV. Hearing Transparency (10 points)

12. A people's court shall hold open hearing for matters not covered in the trial proceedings but involving major rights and interest of the parties concerned or others and announce the grounds, time, venue, judges, and rights and obligations of the attendants for such hearing. (2 points)

13. According to relevant provisions, a people's court shall organize the parties concerned for open hearing on the re-trial application of the case which is eligible for re-trial. A people's court shall organize hearing for a case for legal and litigation motions that is controversial, or involves quite a few people or repeat petitions, triggers strong reaction among the public, or produces major influence among the public. (2 points)

14. A people's court shall organize public hearing for any indemnification case whose consequences of infringement are controversial or whose method or amount for indemnification is disputed, or a case which involves large amount of money, draws great attention from the public or for which the court concludes a hearing is necessary at the request of a party. (2 points)

15. A people's court shall organize open hearing for rejection of a motion which is challenged by any person not involved in the case, any change or addition of person for enforcement, suspension or termination of enforcement, allocation between multiple creditors and other major issues pending enforcement for which the court deems a hearing is necessary. (2 points)

16. A people's court shall organize open hearing for a case involving duty crimes or violence crimes that severely threatens national security and public security. The court shall also organize open hearing on reduced sentence or probation for the defendant of a case the court deems socially influential, a leader, organizer or key member of a gang, or the most important person of a criminal group or a culprit. (2 points)

     四、听证公开(10分)

    12、对开庭审理程序之外的涉及当事人或者案外人重大权益的案件实行公开听证,并公告听证事由、时间地点、听证法官、听证参加人的权利义务等。(2分)

    13、按照有关规定,人民法院对符合听证条件的申请再审案件应当组织当事人进行公开听证。对涉及人数众多、群众反映强烈、争议较大、多次上访以及在社会上引起重大影响的涉法涉诉信访案件,人民法院应当组织听证。(2分)

    14、对侵权损害后果争议较大的、赔偿方式或赔偿数额分歧较大的、赔偿数额巨大、社会各界关注的,以及当事人要求、人民法院认为确有必要举行听证的司法赔偿案件,应当组织公开听证。(2分)

    15、对案外人异议、不予执行的申请以及变更、追加被执行主体、中止或终结执行、多个债权人申请参与分配的,以及人民法院认为有必要听证的重大执行事项,应当组织公开听证。(2分)

    16、对职务犯罪案件和危害国家安全、严重危害公共安全、严重暴力犯罪案件,以及人民法院认为有较大社会影响等案件的被告人,以及黑社会性质组织的领导者、组织者和骨干分子、犯罪集团的首要分子和主犯进行减刑、假释时,人民法院应当组织公开听证。(2分)

V. Transparency in Documents (10 points)

17. A people's court shall set up a dedicated section on its website for publicity of its judgment documents. The court shall publish the announced judgment documents for the cases it has heard online except those not allowed for online publishing in accordance with relevant provisions. (5 points)

18. A people's court shall engage agencies or deploy dedicated personnel for management of online publishing of judgment documents and supervision and administration of quantity, quality and information security for the documents published online, and shall establish corresponding management systems. (5 points)

     五、文书公开(10分)

    17、在法院网站设立专门的裁判文书公开栏目。除不予上网公布的裁判文书以外,人民法院按照有关规定应当将审理各类案件公开宣告的裁判文书上网公布。(5分)

    18、指定专门机构或专门人员管理裁判文书上网公布工作,监督管理上网公布的文书数量、质量和信息安全等问题,并建立相应的管理制度。(5分)

VI. Transparency in Trial Affairs (10 points)

19. A people's court shall announce such information as the court's introduction, work procedures, management systems, functions of the trial division and personnel on its website or other information publishing platforms. The court shall also publish its important meetings on trial, work reports or special reports, planning for important events, normative documents, opinions on trial, important research achievements, non-secret judicial statistics and analyses and reports. (5 points)

20. A people's court shall improve its system for news publishing, establish routine communication mechanisms with the media and the media authority, and hold news conferences, briefings, seminars, forums and public holiday activities, from time to time or on a regular basis. (5 points)

     六、审务公开(10分)

    19、在法院网站或者其他信息公开平台公布人民法院基本情况、工作流程、管理制度、审判业务部门审判职能、人员状况等基本情况。公开人民法院的重要审判工作会议、工作报告或者专项报告、重要活动部署、规范性文件、审判指导意见、重要研究成果、非涉密司法统计数据及分析报告等信息。(5分)

    20、进一步完善新闻发布制度,建立与媒体及其主管部门固定的沟通联络机制,定期或不定期举行新闻发布会、通气会、座谈会或研讨会、公众开放日活动。(5分)

VII. Work Mechanism (20 points)

21. A people's court shall pay great attention to its judicial transparency work, establish a leading group for the work, engage agencies or deploy dedicated personnel for the implementation of the judicial transparency work. The court shall build detailed work plans and establish a long-term work mechanism for cooperation and duty segregation. (5 points)

22. An open assessment system and a supervision and inspection mechanism shall be established for the judicial transparency work. The judicial transparency work of a demonstrative court shall be assessed in accordance with the established standards for appraisal of demonstrative courts. A people's court shall provide guidance for judicial transparency work of the courts of lower levels within its jurisdiction, organize special checks on a regular basis, evaluate the progress of related work and announce the check results. (5 points)

23. A people's court shall establish a system to provide sufficient support in funding, facility and technology for building and purchase of its case initiation hall, website, other information publishing platforms, security check systems in the trial courts and trial broadcast equipment. (5 points)

24. A people's court shall establish an accountability system and a reporting and complaint handling mechanism. The court shall investigate and handle any violation of relevant provisions on judicial transparency that undermines the victim's rights and interests and causes serious consequences. It shall set up complaint lines and mailboxes for reporting and complaint on its website or in the case initiation hall, and deploy dedicated personnel to investigate the issues reported by the victim and the public. All the high people's courts shall investigate the issues reported by the affected party or the public occurred during the implementation of the transparency systems of the people's courts and provide feedback. (5 points)

     七、工作机制(20分)

    21、高度重视司法公开工作,成立司法公开工作领导小组,指定专门机构和专门人员负责落实司法公开工作。制定具体工作方案,建立分工协作、各负其责的长效工作机制。(5分)

    22、建立司法公开考核评价机制和督促检查机制。按照示范法院考评标准,对示范法院开展司法公开工作进行考评。上级人民法院对辖区内下级法院司法公开工作进行指导,定期组织专项检查,评估工作开展情况,通报检查结果。(5分)

    23、建立物质保障机制。对立案大厅、法院门户网站、其他信息公开平台、审判法庭安全检查设备、庭审直播设备等方面提供较大的资金、设施、技术等物质保障。(5分)

    24、建立责任追究机制和举报投诉机制。对于违反司法公开相关规定的,损害当事人合法权益,造成严重后果的,进行查处。在法院网站或立案大厅设立投诉电话、举报投诉信箱,安排专人对当事人和社会公众反映的问题进行核查。各高级人民法院对当事人和社会公众反映本辖区人民法院落实公开制度存在的问题进行核查和反馈。(5分)