“Probable Cause”指“正当诉由/合理根据/（相信被告有罪的）合理根据”，是美国法律体系中的常见概念，它指的是合理地相信犯罪已经发生，即“reasonable suspicion”，某个特定的人可能参与其中或负有责任，并被用作合法搜查或逮捕的理由。

美国宪法第四修正案规定：

“The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses,papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause,supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.”人民的人身、住宅、文件和财产不受无理搜查和扣押的权利，不得侵犯。除依照【合理根据】，以宣誓或代誓宣言保证，并具体说明搜查地点和扣押的人或物，不得发出搜查和扣押状。

参考双语例句：

The Special Rapporteur underlined that the Arizona immigration law required State law enforcement officers to determine the immigration status of individuals based just on a “reasonable suspicion” that they were in the country illegally, and to arrest a person, without a warrant, if the officer had “probable cause” to believe the person was an illegal alien.

特别报告员强调指出，亚利桑那州移民法规定州执法人员仅凭“合理怀疑”某人非法居留就可确定其移民身份；如果执法人员有“合理的根据”认为某人为非法外国人，就可在没有逮捕令的情况下逮捕该人。

States may make use of certain preventive measures like covert surveillance or the interception and monitoring of communications, provided that these are case-specific interferences, on the basis of a warrant issued by a judge on showing of probable cause or reasonable grounds; there must be some factual basis, related to the behaviour of an individual which justifies the suspicion that he may be engaged in preparing a terrorist attack.

各国可以使用某些预防性措施，如秘密监视或拦截并监测通讯，只要这些措施是针对具体案件的行动，并由法官根据所出示的可能的原因或理由发布的授权令，有关某一个人的行为必须有一些是可以怀疑他可能在筹备一项恐怖主义袭击的事实根据。