Mens Rea，翻译为犯罪意图，又称为犯罪心理，其英文释义为a criminal intention or knowledge that an act is wrong. It is assumed to be an ingredient of all criminal offences although some minor statutory offences are punishable irrespective of it，是英美法系的主观构成要件。“没有犯罪意图的行为，不能构成犯罪”。这是英美刑法的一条原则，它充分体现了犯罪意图在构成犯罪中的重要意义。犯罪意图的内容指在被指控的犯罪定义中有明显或默示规定所要求的那种心理状态。犯罪意图具有蓄意、明知、轻率和疏忽四种形式，属于犯罪本体要件的重要内容。

Actus Reus，翻译为犯罪行为，又成构成行为，违法行为，其英文释义为a criminal action regarded as a constituent element of a crime, as compared with the state of mind of the perpetrator。与犯罪心理相对，是不合法行为的一种。违背法律规定的行为。与客观上不合法行为不同之处在于，行为人在实施该行为时主观上有过错，从而使法律所保护的社会关系受到侵犯。

参考双语例句：

According to David Lanham3 , four aspects of the law of bribery needed to be examined in dealing with the common law offence. These include : the position of the person bribed; the nature of the reward (e.g. the distinction between a bribe and a treat); the mens rea of bribery (i.e. the mental element in bribery) and the problem of mutuality (i.e. whether the innocent intent on the part of one party may provide a defence to the other even if the latter has a guilty intent).

根据David Lanham3 的说法，在 处 理普通法罪行时，须考虑与贿赂有关的四 个法律层 面，包括受贿者 的 职位 ；报酬 的 性 质 (例如贿赂与款待的区别)；贿赂的犯 罪意图 (即贿赂的精 神 部分)；以 及 相 互性的问题(即 其 中一方并无犯罪的意图这一点可否作为另 一方的抗辩理 由 ，即使后者有 犯 罪的意图 )。

When I pointed out the obscurity of section 43A, having no idea what actus reus and mens rea it referred to, the Administration advised that a number of ordinances had adopted such a provision which was written in the same way.

当我指出第43A条虚泛，不知道所说的是甚 麽 犯罪行为和 意图 时，当局表示众多条例也有採用这项条文，写法相同，不曾有人提出 异议。

In response to ALA's enquiry, the Administration advised that despite the use of the word "hides" in the proposed section 13E(2)(b), the proposed offence of misleading omission was a strict liability offence in respect of which the presumption of mens rea was displaced.

政府当局回应助理法律顾问查询时表示，虽 然拟议第13E(2)(b)条使用"隐瞒"这个字眼， 但拟议的误导性遗漏罪行属于严格法律责 任罪行，而有关该罪行的犯罪意图的 推定会 被免除。