Best Evidence Rule,英美法术语,最佳证据原则。
Best Evidence Rule:rule requiring parties to proffer the original writing, recording, or photograph when attempting to prove the contents thereof. However, a duplicate is admissible in place of an original unless there is a genuine question about the authenticity of the original or it would be unfair under the circumstances of the case to admit the duplicate instead of the original. Also, an original is not required if it is lost or destroyed, if it cannot be obtained through a subpoena,if it is in the possession of the opposing party, and if the original is not closely related to a controlling issue in the case.
美国诉讼法中对于待证事实的证明仅能提出最佳证据,如有最佳证据存在,就不能提出次要证据,在文书的情形下仅以原件为最佳证据,而具有证据能力,因此,仅在不可归责于举证人而不能取得原件时,才例外地允许提出影印件作为证据。在此等限制下,电磁记录、电子文件由于非属亲笔签名之书面文件,不符合原件之要求,不能作为证据提出。不过,随着电子信息时代的到来与发展,美国法律也在进一步调整,现已经承认了电子文件的证据效力。
参考双语例句:
A strict application of the best evidence rule may therefore result in the courts being required to rely on evidence which may be less accurate than the hearsay evidence available.
严格运用最佳证据规则,因而会导致法庭需要依赖准确程度比可提供的传闻证据低的证据。
The rule against hearsay also coincided with another fundamental rule: that the court would insist on the best evidence being adduced of any fact alleged (the "best evidence" rule).
排除传闻证据的规则亦与另一基本规则吻合:法庭要坚持顸就指称的任何事实提出最佳证据(“最佳证据”规则)
However, in order to guarantee that the interests of Lebanon are fully preserved and that its sovereignty is not unduly encroached upon, rule 77 (B) of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence provides that the decision of the Prosecutor is subject to judicial scrutiny: when necessary and appropriate, the Prosecutor must be authorized by the Pre-Trial Judge to carry out investigative acts without the involvement of national authorities.
但是,为了保障黎巴嫩利益得到全面保护,避免其主权受到不当侵犯,根据《程序和证据规则》规则77(B),检察官的决定应受司法监督:在必要和适当时,检察官必须经过预审法官授权,方可在没有本国当局参与的情况下开展调查行动。