干货 | 法律英语词义辨析:口供

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引言

小编今天先给大家推荐一部电影

著名导演希区柯克1953年的作品《忏情记》

英文名为 I Confess

影片中神父的凶杀案像1994年的辛普森案

好吧,小编其实是想引出与口供有关的单词

在法律英语中,与口供相关的单词有

confession / admission

 statement / deposition / affidavit

但在含义和翻译上却有很大的差别

下面就和小编一起来一一辨析吧


1、Confession

多限于刑事犯罪领域,指刑事被告完全承认其被指控的犯罪及有关定罪所需的所有事实,或至少是主要事实,并承认有罪,有供认不讳的含义,故为“供认”。

(a criminal suspect’s acknowledgement of guilt, usually in writing and often including details about the crime.)

例如:


Uncorroborated confessions should no longer be accepted by courts.

无证据证实的供词不应再被法庭采信。

After hours of questioning by police, 

she made a full confession.

经过警察数小时的审问,她才供认了全部罪行。


Confession in open court

公开法庭上的认罪供述

Confession of judgment

判决的接受;判决认诺

Judicial confession 

司法供认


2、Admission

常指对民事责任行为的承认。在刑事领域,admission多指对无犯罪故意的刑事责任行为的招认,多表示承认一个或数个事实,此种招供远没有达到足以定罪的程度;与confession相比,admission主要的区别在于被告无认罪表示,故admission应译为“供述”。

(An admission is a confession that an allegation or factual assertion is true without any acknowledgement of guilt with respect to the criminal charges, whereas a confession involves an acknowledgement of guilt as well as of the true of predicate factual allegations)

Admission by demurrer 为抗辩目的而作的承认(指为提出诉求不充分的抗辩demurrer而承认起诉状上中所述的事实)

例如:

The defendant’s apology to the plaintiff and payment of the plaintiff medical bills are admissions that may be introduced as evidence against the defendant.

被告向原告作出的道歉、为原告支付医药费的单据被认为是对事实的承认,它们都可以作为指控被告的证据提交。

He is a thief by his own admission .

他自己供认是小偷。

admission against interest

违反本人利益的承认

an admission of guilt 

认罪

3、Statement

在刑事诉讼中,statement主要是指警方在侦破犯罪过程中对某人,尤指疑犯的招供所作的记录和报告故应译为“供述记录”。

 [an account of a person's( usually a suspect's) acknowledgement of a crime,taken by the police pursuant to their investigation of the offense]

例如:


He is seeking to enter her statements into evidence.

他正努力将她的陈述作为证据在法庭上提出。

She refused to make a statement to the police lest she (should) incriminate herself.

她拒绝向警方作陈述以免受连累。


The police asked me to make a statement.

警方要求我写一份供述

Statement of accused 

<英>刑事被告人的陈述


4、Deposition

指证人在公开法庭外,依法院命令或一般法律或法院诉讼规则的规定,在宣誓后对口头询问或书面质询问题作出回答,并做成笔录且经正式认证后所形成的证词,翻译为“(庭外)书面供词”。

A witness’s out-of-court testimony that is reduced to writing (usually by a court reporter) for a later use in court or for discovery purposes.

例如:

The jury heard 200 pages of depositions.

陪审团听取了长达 200 页的书面证词。

Deposition de bene esse 

将在庭审中宣读的书面证词


5、Affidavit

指当事人自愿作出的对事实的书面陈述,并须在有权主持宣誓的官员面前作出宣誓或代替宣誓的确认以保证其内容的真实性,翻译为“宣誓书”“宣誓陈述书”。

A voluntary declaration of facts written down and sworn to by a declarant, usually before an officer authorized toadminister oaths.

例如:

Affidavit in criminal prosecution 

刑事诉讼中的宣誓书

Affidavit of increase 

增加书面陈述

Affidavit on demurrer 

<美>诉求不充分抗辩宣誓书



大家理解Confession / Admission 

/ Statement / Deposition / Affidavit

的区别了吗?

理解了,要和小编一起看I Confess 吗?

有一种爱叫做点赞 


(本文转自公众号“律蚁语言服务社”,已获授权)

发布于 2020-05-29 09:49:08
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