Alcoholic /Drunk/Drunkard/Inebriate
这些单词均有“酗酒者”的含义。
其中,alcoholic和drunkard为通用词;相比之下,alcoholic指酒精中毒病人或酗酒成性者,其比 drunkard更为正式和中性,多从医学角度指无法控制其酒量者,故为更常用的法律词汇。drunkard则常带有谴责的含义,指经常过度饮酒的醉鬼。drunk为drunkard的缩写,因而更不正式,同时其谴责和鄙视的程度也就更多。inebriate为一技术性术语,指当时正处于醉酒状态者,该术语现已显得有些过时守旧,多被alcoholic所取代。
1 Alcoholic
a.酒精的,酒精性的
n.酗酒者
Alcoholic beverages[加]酒精饮料(包括酒精、白酒、葡萄酒、苹果酒、啤酒五种)
Alcoholic content酒精含量,酒精度
Alcoholic hallucinosis酒精中毒幻觉症
Alcoholic liquor(所有酒精含量在3%及3%以上的)酒精饮料
Alcoholic paranoia酒精性妄想狂
Alcoholic psychosis酒精性精神病
英文释义:
Someone who habitually abuses alcohol and loses self-control, often to the extent of endangering the health, safety, or welfare of self or others.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
2 Drunk
a.醉的
n.酗酒者
Drunk driving arrests 因醉酒驾驶被逮捕
Drunk and disorderly醉酒后扰乱治安
英文释义:
Intoxicated; (of a person)under the influence of intoxicating liquor to such a degree that the normal capacity for rational thought and conduct is impaired.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
3 Drunkard
n.酒徒,嗜酒者。
英文释义:
1、Someone who habitually consumes Intoxicating substances excessively; esp., one who is often intoxicated.
2、ALCOHOLIC. This term may also be used to refer to a drug addict.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
4 Inebriate
n.醉酒者,酗酒者。
英文释义:
Archaic. An intoxicated person, esp., a habitual drunkard.
——Black’s Law Dictionary
(本文转自公众号“律蚁语言服务社”,已获授权)