从孟晚舟案看什么是“双重犯罪”

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据加媒报道,当地时间5月27日(北京时间5月28日凌晨),加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省最高法院副首席大法官Heather Holmes对孟晚舟案是否“双重犯罪”进行了裁决。裁决结果显示,孟晚舟符合“双重犯罪”标准,因此对她的引渡案将继续审理,孟晚舟女士将留在加拿大参加后期的相关听证,并等待新的审判结果。


在国际刑事法律制度日益健全和完善的现代国际社会,引渡不仅需要请求国与被请求国就制裁犯罪达成共识,而且国际刑法公约也对双重犯罪原则加以确立,成为引渡合作得以成功的基本前提条件。引渡的首要条件是符合双重犯罪原则,该原则是引渡制度的刚性原则,是开展引渡合作不可或缺的条件。


那么什么是“双重犯罪”呢?双重犯罪原则是指国际间引渡犯罪人时,作为引渡理由的犯罪必须是双重犯罪。所谓双重犯罪,是指被请求引渡人所实施的行为,按照请求国和被请求国各自的国内法,或者按照请求国、被请求国共同参加的国际刑法公约的规定,均构成犯罪。以下是该词的英文释义“Double criminality, or dual criminality, is a requirement in the extradition law of many countries. It states that a suspect can be extradited from one country to stand trial for breaking a second country’s laws only if a similar law exists in the extraditing country.If Country A has no laws against blasphemy, for example, double criminality could prevent a suspect being extradited from Country A to face blasphemy charges in another country.”也就是说根据美国和加拿大双方引渡协议中的“双重犯罪”原则,美国引渡孟晚舟的罪名必须存在于加拿大的法律中,否则孟晚舟就不该被加拿大引渡到美国去。


如:

A Canadian judge ruled on Wednesday that the extradition case against China’s Huawei Chief Financial Officer Meng Wanzhou can proceed. According to the ruling, Meng’s case meets the Canadian extradition standard of the so-called “double criminality”. Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Zhao Lijian on Tuesday urged Canada to immediately correct its mistake and release Meng. The US and Canada abused their bilateral extradition treaty and arbitrarily took compulsory measures against a Chinese citizen without cause, Zhao said. “This is a serious political incident that grossly violates the legitimate rights and interests of the Chinese citizen”. The Chinese government is steadfast in safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens, Zhao said. “The Canadian side should immediately correct its mistake, release Meng and ensure her safe return to China at an early date, so as to avoid any continuous harm to China-Canada relations”. Huawei Technologies Co expressed disappointment over the Canadian court’s ruling, and the company said it will continue to stand with Meng in her pursuit of justice and freedom.


5月27日,加拿大法官作出裁决,中国华为公司首席财务官孟晚舟引渡案将继续审理。根据裁决,孟晚舟案符合加拿大所谓"双重犯罪"的引渡标准。中国外交部发言人赵立坚5月26日敦促加拿大切实纠正错误,释放孟晚舟。赵立坚表示,美加两国滥用其双边引渡条约,对中国公民任意采取强制措施,严重侵犯中国公民的合法权益,这是一起严重的政治事件。中国政府维护中国公民正当合法权益的决心坚定不移。加方应当切实纠正错误,立即释放孟晚舟,并确保她平安回到中国,以免中加关系持续受到损害。华为科技有限公司对加拿大法院的判决表示失望,该公司表示将继续支持孟晚舟寻求公正判决和自由。

以上例子摘抄自《中国日报》。

发布于 2020-06-02 11:08:41
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