缺乏流通性折价discount for lack of marketability  

缺乏流通性折价（DLOM）是指相对于流动性较强的投资，流动性受损程度的量化。

Discounts for lack of marketability (DLOM) refer to the method used to help calculate the value of closely held and restricted shares. The theory behind DLOM is that a valuation discount exists between a stock that is publicly traded and thus has a market, and the market for privately held stock, which often has little if any marketplace. 

控制权溢价control premium

控制权溢价通常是出现在上市公司被收购的行为中，所谓控制权溢价，指的就是上市公司被收购，而收购方为了得到股票的控制权，支付给卖方的价格超过了股票市场价格的当前价格，这样一来就使得股票溢价。这和我们通常所说的股票溢价发行是一个道理，只不过一个是在新发行股票的时候溢价，一个是收购的时候溢价。控制权溢价行为在上市公司进行兼并重组的时候是很常见的，形成溢价的原因有多种，比如被收购的公司价值正在增长，从而使得收购人愿意花更高的价格来进行收购从而得到公司的控制权。

A control premium is the amount that a buyer is willing to pay over and above the current market price in order to acquire a controlling interest in that specific company. Control confers value. Gaining control gives access to the target firm’s cash flows, the rationalization of its work force, and the control of the strategy and operations of the firm. Control premiums are typically seen in takeover bids of public companies, but can be present in situations where shareholders of private businesses pay a premium to obtain majority interest or a controlling position in a company.

以下为相关双语示例，供参考：

These procedures also included, among others, (i) evaluating the appropriateness of the valuation methodology used in management's fair value estimate, (ii) testing the completeness, accuracy and relevance of key underlying data used in the valuation models, (iii) evaluating the reasonableness of significant assumptions used by management, including discount curve of market interest rate, selection of comparable companies and multiples and estimated discount for lack of marketability, and (iv) using professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in assessing the valuation models including testing the mathematical accuracy of the valuation models, and evaluating the reasonableness of certain significant assumptions, including discount curve of market interest rate. 

此外，这些程序还包括：（i）评估管理层在公允价值估计中使用的估值方法的适当性，（ii）测试估值模型中使用的关键基础数据的完整性、准确性和相关性，（iii）评估管理层使用的重大假设的合理性（包括市场利率贴现曲线、可比公司和倍数的选择以及缺乏流通性折价估计），和（iv）使用具有专门技术和知识的专业人士，以协助我们评估估值模型（包括测试估值模型的计算准确性），并评估某些重大假设（包括市场利率贴现曲线）的合理性。