合同的效力条款决定了合同的有效性和约束力,主要由两部分组成:
一是合同使用的文字,合同的份数,各种文本的效力;
二是合同的生效时间、方式和条件,对合同修改补充的效力,合同附件效力(如果有),还应在合同中规定“附件是合同不可分割的一部分”,否则,就不具备构成合同附件的条件。
此外,合同的效力条款也会涉及到合同的解除、违约和争议解决方式。
如
This Contract is made out in both the Chinese and English languages, each in two originals and one original of each is held by Party A and Party B. In case of any discrepancies between the Chinese and English copy, the English copy shall govern.
本合同用中英文两种文字写成,每种有正本两份,由各方各持一份。如中文版本与英文版本有异议时,以英文版本为准。
这种表述清晰地规定了双语合同的适用性和语言优先级,确保了在双语对照时以英文版本为准。
如
This Contract comes into effect on the first day of the engaged party's arrival at the AA University and ceases to be effective at its expiration. If either party wishes to renew the Contract, the other party shall be notified in writing one month before it expires. Upon agreement by both parties through consultation, a new contract may be signed between the two parties.
本合同自受聘方到校之日起生效,到聘期届满时失效。如果一方要求延长聘期,必须在合同期满前一个月以书面形式向对方提出,经双方协商同意后另签延聘合同
这样的条款清楚地说明了合同生效及失效的条件,即自受聘方到校之日起生效,到聘期届满时失效。
如
In the event of a material breach of any provision of this Agreement, the non-breaching party shall have the right to terminate this Contract by providing a written notice of 30 days.
如果发生本协议任何条款的重大违约,未违约方有权以书面形式提前通知30天的方式终止本合同。
这个例子中,条款清晰地规定了合同违约的后果和解除程序,以书面形式提前通知30天,使得双方在争议解决上有明确的方向。
参考
《国际商务合同的文体与翻译》刘庆秋