knowledge n. 知情；知道；明知

knowledge是名词，在法律英语中有着特定的含义。它的意 思是“知道，明知”，即对某一事实或情况的认识。反义词是ignorance （不知）。知道包括实际知道（actual knowledge ）和推定 知道（constructive knowledge）两种。在法律上承担某种法律责任通常要求“明知”这一事实，如对于某一事物引起的损害承担 损害赔偿责任，要求对于该事物包括某些危险性因素的明知； 在刑法中，“明知”通常是故意犯罪的定罪基础。

例 Prescription for instituting legal proceedings concerning the infringement of patent right is two years counted from the date on which the patentee or any interested party obtains or should have obtained knowledge of the infringing act.

【参考译文】 侵犯专利权的诉讼时效为2年，自专利权人或者利害关系人得知或者应当得知侵权行为之日起计算。

knowledge可以指“知识”等。

例 The fundamental tasks of the trade union in a joint venture shall be: to protect the democratic rights and material benefits of the staff and workers according to law; to assist the joint venture in the arrangement and rational use of the welfare and bonus fund; to organize the staff and workers to study politics, science, technology and professional knowledge and carry out

literary, artistic and sports activities; and to educate the staff and workers to observe labor discipline and strive to fulfill the various economic tasks of the enterprise.

【参考译文】合营企业工会的基本任务是：依法维护职工的民主权利和物质利益；协助合营企业安排和合理使用福利、奖励基金；组织职工学习政治、科学、技术和业务知识，开展文艺、体育活动；教育职工遵守劳动纪律，努力完成企业的各项经济任务。

在法律文件中，knowledge最常见的搭配是to the best knowledge (of sb)，表示“据（某人）所知”，其意思大致相当于as far as I know。

例 Neither the execution nor delivery of the Transaction Documents, nor the carrying on of the business of any Entity by its employees, nor the conduct of the business of any Entity as proposed, will, to the best knowledge of the Warrantors, conflict with or result in a breach of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any contract, agreements, covenant or instrument.

【参考译文】据保证人所知，交易文件的签署和交付、任何实体的员工开展实体的业务以及计划从事任何实体的业务，均不与任何合同、协议、承诺或文件的条款、条件或规定相冲突或导致违反该等合同、协议、承诺或文件的条款、条件或规定，或构成该等合同、协议、承诺或文件项下的违约。

例 To the best knowledge, information and belief of the Directors, the Service Option Grantee and its ultimate beneficial owners are independent of and not connected with the Company and its connected persons (as defined in the GEM Listing Rules).

【参考译文】就董事所知、所悉及所信 ，服务购股权承授 人及 其最终实益拥有 人乃独立于本公司及其关连人士（定义见创业板上市规则），且与彼等并无关连。 

参考

《英汉法律用语大辞典》（第2版）

《英汉法律翻译教程》（孙万彪）

《法律英语核心术语：实务基础》（屈文生）

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