" 了解Lien、Pawn和pledge三者在担保物权中的用法和区别"

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Lien、pawn和pledge是担保物权中的概念,以下具体介绍三者的用法和区别。

Lien在法律英语中表示“留置权(扣押某人财产直至其偿清债务)”,是指债权人因合法手段占有债务人的财物,在由此产生的债权未得到清偿以前留置该项财物并在超过一定期限仍未得到清偿时依法变卖留置财物,从价款中优先受偿的权利。留置权的效力主要体现为留置权人的占有权和优先受偿权。留置权人的占有权须受一定限制,即除了保管上的必要或经债务人同意外不得使用留置物,未经债务人同意不得将留置物出租或抵押。债权人就留置物优先交偿后,如留置物的价值超过应交偿范围,应将剩余部分的价款返还给债务人,留置物的价值不足以清偿时,债权人得请求补足。

Pledge在法律英语中表示“质押(权)”,质押包括动产质押(pledge of movables)和权利质押(pledge of rights)。动产质押是指债务人或者第三人将其动产移交债权人占有,将该动产作为债权的担保。权利质押,是指以所有权之外的财产权为标的物而设定的质押。权利质押主要以债权、股东权和知识产权中的财产权利作为标的物。区别于“留置权”,质押权一般由当事人约定,而留置权为法定担保物权。

Pawn在法律英语中表示“抵押(权);典当”,抵押是指债务人或者第三人不转移某些财产的占有,将该财产作为债权的担保债务人不履行债务时,债权人有权依法以该财产折价或者以拍卖变卖该财产的价款优先受偿。区别于“质押”,抵押是建立在某些特定的物之上的,标的为动产和不动产。

参考双语例句:

①The Company may sell, in such manner as the Board thinks fit, any shares on which the Company has a lien, but no sale shall be made unless some sum in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable or the liability or engagement in respect of which such lien exists is liable to be presently fulfilled or discharged, nor until the expiration of fourteen days after a notice in writing, stating and demanding payment of the sum presently payable or specifying the liability or engagement and demanding fulfilment or discharge thereof and giving notice of intention to sell in default, shall have been given to the registered holder for the time being of the shares or the person entitled by reason of such holder’s death, bankruptcy or winding-up to the shares.

本公司可以董事会认为适合的有关方式出售本公司拥有留置权的任何股份,惟除非存在留置权股份的某些款额目前应付或存在留置权股份有关的负债或协定需要现时履行或解除,且直至已向当时的股份登记持有人或因有关持有人身故破产或对股份进行清盘而有权收取的有关人士发出书面通知(声明及要求支付现时应付的款项或指明负债或协定及要求履行或解除负债或协定及通知有意出售欠缴股款股份)后十四日已届满,否则不得出售。

②Pursuant to the provision equivalent to art. 21 (1)(e) of the Model Law, the court entrusted the administration and realization of all of the debtor’s assets in Australia to the foreign representatives, ordered that no person could enforce a charge on the property of the debtor and that a pledge or lienholder in possession of the property of the debtor could continue in possession, but could not sell or otherwise enforce the lien or pledge

按照相当于《示范法》第21(1)(e)条的规定,法院授权外国管理人对债务人在澳大利亚的所有资产进行管理和变现,下令任何人不得执行债务人财产上的抵押权,占有债务人财产的质权或留置权持有人可以继续占有,但不得出售或以其他方式执行该留置权或质权。

③Preventive crime includes possession of arms and ammunition, possession of offensive weapon, going equipped for stealing, possession of unlawful instrument, tampering with vehicle, unlawful pawning offences, unlawful possession and loitering.

可以防止的罪行包括藏有枪械弹药藏有攻击性武器身怀盗窃工具藏有非法工具干扰车辆非法典当罪行非法藏有及游荡罪。

发布于 2022-02-25 14:59:02
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