仲裁，Arbitration，是指将争议提交给争议之外中立的第三方，由其对当事人的纠纷居中调解，并作出裁断的行为。根据适用对象不同，仲裁可分为民商事仲裁、海事仲裁、国际争端仲裁等。

调解，Mediate，是指在人民法院审判人员的主持下，双方当事人通过自愿协商，达成协议，解决民事争议的活动和结案方式。由于是在诉讼中进行的，也称为“诉讼调解”或“诉讼上的调解”。

仲裁与调解有以下区别：

1、调解必须要双方自愿进行；仲裁不允许当事人以协议予以排除，更不允许当事人单方随意改变或终止仲裁程序；

2、调解没有固定的程序规则；仲裁则要依仲裁法或仲裁规则进行；

参考法律法规：

《中华人民共和国仲裁法》第九条：

仲裁实行一裁终局的制度。裁决作出后，当事人就同一纠纷再申请仲裁或者向人民法院起诉的，仲裁委员会或者人民法院不予受理。

裁决被人民法院依法裁定撤销或者不予执行的，当事人就该纠纷可以根据双方重新达成的仲裁协议申请仲裁，也可以向人民法院起诉。

《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第九十三条：

人民法院审理民事案件，根据当事人自愿的原则，在事实清楚的基础上，分清是非，进行调解。

参考双语例句：

These included the following observations: that since the Rules provide not only for arbitration but for negotiation and facilitated settlement as well, care should be taken not to render those aspects of the Rules inapplicable, particularly where the vast majority of cases are disposed of at the stages prior to arbitration; that to the extent the proposal purports to state a rule of substantive law its presence in a set of contractual rules may be problematic; that consideration could be given to re-casting the Rules as facilitated settlement rules rather than arbitration rules and thus avoiding the problem that the proposal is intended to address; and that the intended result might be achieved by using wording found in a note to Article 1 of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce to the effect that its provisions are not intended to derogate from legal norms aimed at consumer protection. daccess-ods.un.org

会上提出的意见包括：由于《规则》不仅对仲裁作出规定，而且也对谈判和协助下调解作出规定，应当注意不使《规则》的这些方面无法适用，特别是如果绝大多数案件是在仲裁前的阶段处 理的话；就该提案意在提出一条实体法规则而言，在一套合同规则中放入这样一条规则有可能造成问题；不妨考虑作为协助下调解规则而不是作为仲裁规则来重 塑《规则》，以此避免该提案意在解决的问题；借用《贸易法委员会电子商务示范法》第1条的说明中的措词似可达到预期结果，大意是，其规定并非意在减损旨在保护消费者的法律规范。

The Advisory Committee was further informed, upon enquiry, that providing a post for a head of the Unit through rotational secondments from the member entities of the Rule of Law Coordination and Resource Group could create aconflict of interest, since the head of Unit was expected to mediate in disputes between members of that Group from a position of trust and neutrality, including the perception of neutrality, which would not be possible if he or she was a staff member of one of the entities concerned.

经询问，咨询委员会进一步获悉，通过从法治协调和资源小组成员实体轮流借调的方式提供该股股长员额可能造成利益冲突，因为该股股长应从信任和中立的立场包括以中立的形象来调解该小组成员之间的争议，而这一点在该股长身为有关实体工作人员的情况下无法做到。