权利(Right):权利一般是指法律赋予人实现其利益的一种力量。与义务(Obligation)相对应,法学的基本范畴之一,人权概念的核心词,法律规范的关键词。
权力(Power):一般是指政治上的强制力量或者职责范围内的支配力量。
权利和权力的区别:
①主体不同:权利主体具有普遍性,范围相对较广,如自然人、法人和其他组织等;权力主体则是被授予权力的国家机关及其特定的工作人员;
②范围不同:权利一般是根据法律规定来确定,如政治权利、经济权利、民事权利等;而权力范围具有特定性,主要包括立法权、司法权、行政权等;
③内容不同:权利是指社会主体享有的以追求某种利益为内容的行为自由;权力是对社会和他人的强制力量和支配力量;
④实现方式不同:权利的实现方式以国家强制力为后盾和保障;权力的实现往往直接伴随着国家强制力的强制性,只能依法由特定主体行使。
参考双语例句:
Economic, social and cultural rights and fundamental freedoms introduced or strengthened under the new Constitution include, inter alia: the right to adequate, nutritious food and clean water; the right to adequate housing; the right to a good standard of health; adequate access to sewerage and electricity; the right to marriage and family; the right to education; the right to work; the right to strike; the right to enjoy a pension; the right to take part in cultural life; and the right to enjoy property.
新《宪法》引进或加强了经济、社会和文化权利和基本自由。除其他外,这特别包括:获得足够营养丰富的食物和清洁水的权利;适足住房权;获得良好卫生标准的权利;充足使用排污系统和电力的权利;结婚和家庭权利;受教育的权利;工作权;罢工权;享有退休金的权利;参加文化生活的权利;以及拥有财产的权利。
The Organic Law on Education defines the aims of education as follows: (a) to develop each human being’s creative potential for the full exercise of his or her personality and citizenship; (b) to develop a new political culture grounded in proactive participation and action to strengthen the power of the people; (c) to develop individuals on the basis of a geohistorical approach aimed at instilling awareness of their nationality and sovereignty; (d) to promote respect for human dignity and training informed by the ethical values of tolerance, justice, solidarity, peace, respect for human rights and non-discrimination; (e) to encourage the growth of ecological awareness with a view to preserving biodiversity and social diversity; and (f) to educate pupils in, by and through liberating social work from an integral standpoint.
《教育组织法》确定了如下教育目标:(a)开发每个人的创造潜能,使其充分行使他或她的个性和公民权;(b)制定基于主动积极的参与和行动的新的政治文化,以增强人民的权力;(c)依据地史学的方法培养个人,使他们具备国籍和主权的意识;(d)促进尊重人的尊严和了解以下内容的培训:容忍、正义、团结、和平、尊重人权和不歧视的道德价值观;(e)鼓励提高生态意识,以保护生物多样性和社会多样性;(f)从整体的角度,借助和通过解放性的社会工作并在这一工作中教育学生。