反驳：英文表达retort；rebute；confute；disapprove，是指在诉讼过程中，一方当事人针对对方当事人提出的主张和理由，从实体上和程序上予以全部否定或者部分否定。

反诉：英文表达为countercharge，是指在正在进行的诉讼中（诉讼系属中），本诉的被告以本诉的原告为被告提起的诉讼。本诉的原告在反诉中称为“反诉被告”，本诉的被告称为“反诉原告”。

区别：

①诉讼地位不同：反诉当事人的诉讼地位具有双重属性，即本诉原告同时为反诉被告，本诉被告同时为反诉原告，而反驳不会使当事人的诉讼地位发生变化；

②性质不同：反诉是独立的诉讼，而反驳是一方当事人驳斥对方当事人诉讼主张的一种诉讼手段，不具有诉的性质。

参考双语例句：

In the source’s view, the primary reason actually given by the Court of Appeals and accepted by the Supreme Court for continuing to rely on the impugned and retracted confessions was not that the allegations of ill-treatment had been disproven by the prosecution, but that they “corresponded with the case findings”.

消息来源认为，上诉法院真正给出的并且被最高法院接受的关于继续依靠被怀疑的和被收回的供词的基本理由不是虐待的指称已被检方反驳，而是它们“与案件调查结论相一致”。

In the first of the cases the trial was in progress, in the second it was scheduled and would start this month, while the third case was at the stage of deciding on the objections to the indictment.

第一起案件正在审理之中，第二起案件的审理工作已经排好时间，将于本月开始，第三起案件正处于对反驳起诉的理由进行裁决的阶段。

Ensure that State officials do not use the threat of countercharges, such as those under articles 265, 125, 301 and 277 of the Penal Code, as a means to intimidate detained persons, or their relatives, from reporting torture and review convictions during the reporting period under such articles, with a view to identifying any wrongly used for such purposes, and ensure that all valid claims reporting torture were subject to an independent investigation and prosecution, as warranted.

条提出的反诉――进行威胁，作为恐吓手段阻止被拘留者或其亲属，在这些法令的报告期间举报酷刑案件或审查定罪决定，从而确定为此目的而进行的不当反诉，确保对所有有根据的酷刑报告进行独立调查和起诉。