投资收益 investment income;Income on Investment
投资收益是指企业进行投资所获得的经济利益。
企业在一定的会计期间对外投资所取得的回报。投资收益包括对外投资所分得的股利和收到的债券利息,以及投资到期收回或到期前转让债权得到的款项高于账面价值的差额等。投资活动也可能遭受损失,如投资到期收回或到期前转让的所得款低于账面价值的差额,即为投资损失。投资收益减去投资损失则为投资净收益。随着企业握有的管理和运用资金权力的日益增大,资本市场的逐步完善,投资活动中获取收益或承担亏损虽不是企业通过自身的生产或劳务供应活动所得,却是企业利润总额的重要组成部分,并且其比重发展呈越来越大的趋势。
从表面上看,尽管企业投资的目的有所不同,但从本质上说,企业考虑的是某项投资能给企业带来多少利润,投资收益是否超过资金成本,否则,这项投资就是无意义的、无价值的。
另外,由于“风险反感”(假设两个投资方案的预期收益率相同,而一个风险小些,另一个风险大些,投资者肯定愿意选择前者,这种现象称为风险反感)现象的存在,这就促使投资者在选择高风险项目时的基本条件是必须有足够高的预期收益率,风险程度越大,要求的报酬率越高。所以,在结合风险进行投资决策中,与风险程度相对应的投资收益也是衡量投资方案是否可行的一项重要因素。
风险和收益是一对相互联系的概念,一般来说,收益越大,风险越大,不存在收益很大而风险很小的投资对象。一个成功的投资者,需要在风险和收益之间相互平衡,以期在一定的风险下使收益达到较高的水平,或在收益一定的情况下,使风险维持在较低的水平上。
Investment income is money received in interest payments, dividends, capital gains realized with the sale of stock or other assets, and any profit made through another investment type. Additionally, interest earned on bank accounts, dividends received from stock owned by mutual fund holdings, and the profits on the sale of gold coins are all considered investment income.
Income from long-term investments undergoes different—and often preferential—tax treatment, which varies by country and locality. Learn more about investment income and the types of investments you can generate income from. 以下为相关例句,可供参考:
例句1
Investment income refers solely to the financial gains above the original cost of the investment. The form the income takes, such as interest or dividend payments, is irrelevant to it being considered investment income so long as the income stems from a previous installment.
投资收益仅指高于投资原始成本的财务收益。收入的形式,如利息或股息支付,与它被认为是投资收益无关,只要收入来自以前的分期付款。
例句2
Businesses often have income from investments. On the income statements of publicly traded companies, an item called investment income or losses is commonly listed. This is where the company reports the portion of its net income obtained through investments made with surplus cash instead of being earned in its usual line of business.
企业通常从投资中获得收入。在上市公司的损益表上,通常会列出一个叫做投资收益或损失的项目。这是该公司报告其净收入的一部分,该部分是通过用剩余现金进行投资而获得的,而不是在日常业务中获得的。
例句3
The interest accrued on a basic savings account is considered investment income. It is earned on top of the original investments—the deposits placed into the account—which can make the account a source of income.
基本储蓄账户的应计利息被认为是投资收益。它是在原始投资(即存入账户的存款)的基础上赚取的,这可以使账户成为收入来源。
例句4
Options, stocks, and bonds can also generate investment income. Whether through regular interest or dividend payments or by selling a security at a higher price than was paid. Any amount received above the original cost of the investment qualifies as investment income.
期权、股票和债券也能产生投资收益。无论是定期支付利息或股息,还是以高于支付价格出售证券。任何超过投资原始成本的收入都被视为投资收益。
相关知识拓展:
投资收益的会计处理
一、本科目核算企业确认的投资收益或投资损失。
企业(金融)债券投资持有期间取得的利息收入,也可在“利息收入”科目核算。
二、本科目可按投资项目进行明细核算。
三、投资收益的主要账务处理。
(一)长期股权投资采用成本法核算的,企业应按被投资单位宣告发放的现金股利或利润中属于本企业的部分,借记“应收股利”科目,贷记本科目;属于被投资单位在取得本企业投资前实现净利润的分配额,应作为投资成本的收回,借记“应收股利”等科目,贷记“长期股权投资”科目。
长期股权投资采用权益法核算的,应按根据被投资单位实现的净利润或经调整的净利润计算应享有的份额,借记“长期股权投资——损益调整”科目,贷记本科目。被投资单位发生净亏损的,比照“长期股权投资”科目的相关规定进行处理。
处置长期股权投资时,应按实际收到的金额,借记“银行存款”等科目,按其账面余额,贷记“长期股权投资”科目,按尚未领取的现金股利或利润,贷记“应收股利”科目,按其差额,贷记或借记本科目。已计提减值准备的,还应同时结转减值准备。
处置采用权益法核算的长期股权投资,除上述规定外,还应结转原记入资本公积的相关金额,借记或贷记“资本公积——其他资本公积”科目,贷记或借记本科目。
(二)企业持有交易性金融资产、持有至到期投资、可供出售金融资产期间取得的投资收益以及处置交易性金融资产、交易性金融负债、指定为以公允价值计量且其变动计入当期损益的金融资产或金融负债、持有至到期投资、可供出售金融资产实现的损益,比照“交易性金融资产”、“持有至到期投资”、“可供出售金融资产”、“交易性金融负债”等科目的相关规定进行处理。
四、期末,应将本科目余额转入“本年利润”科目,本科目结转后应无余额。