Broker、Intermediary、Jobber和Finder均有“中间人”或“居间人”的含义,但各自有一些差异。
Broker,翻译为“经纪人”,主要是指以收取佣金 (commission) 为目的而代表他人直接参加谈判,议价,进行买卖交易者,故其更接近买卖代理人的含义,其可参与多种交易,如不动产买卖、证券、股票交易等。
Intermediary,A mediator or go-between; a third party negotiator。翻译为“居间人”或“调停人”,主要是指在分歧双方或谈判双方之间进行斡旋,起联系或谈判作用者。
Jobber,Someone who buys and sells goods wholesale and handles goods on commission。主要是指商品买卖交易中的中间人。
Finder,An intermediary who contracts to find, introduce and bring together parties to a business opportunity, leaving ultimate negotiations and consummation of business transaction to the principals。则是指为他人寻找商机或介绍客户且因此而领取佣金者,但他却不直接参与交易谈判或运作。
参考双语例句:
①The work of UN-Women will centre around five core principles: providing demand-driven support to national partners to enhance implementation of international agreements and standards; supporting intergovernmental processes to strengthen the global normative and policy framework on gender equality; advocating for gender equality and women’s empowerment and championing the rights of women and girls — particularly those most excluded; leading and promoting coherence in the work of the United Nations system on gender equality; and acting as a broker of knowledge and experience, aligning practice with normative guidance.
妇女署的工作将围绕五个核心原则:向国家伙伴提供由需求驱动的支持,以加强落实国际协议和标准;支持政府间进程,以加强关于性别平等的全球规范和政策框架;倡导性别平等和增强妇女权能,维护妇女和女孩——特别是最受排斥的妇女和女孩——的权利;领导和促进联合国系统性别平等方面工作的协调一致;充当知识和经验的中介人,使实践与规范性指导相一致。
②The rules of the Unidroit Securities Convention on priority may be summarized as follows: (a) a secured creditor who becomes the account holder in respect of intermediated securities ranks ahead of any competing claimant (see articles 11 and 19, para. 2); (b) a secured creditor whose security right has been made effective against third parties by control has priority over any security right made effective against third parties by any other method provided by non-Convention law (for example, by registration; see articles 12 and 19, para. 2); (c) if two persons obtain control of the same intermediated securities, the first in time to obtain control will prevail (article 19, para. 3); (d) if a securities intermediary who holds a security right in a securities account maintained by it subsequently permits another secured creditor to obtain control of the account, the other creditor will rank first (article 19, para. 4).
统法协会证券公约》有关优先权的规则可摘要如下:(a)成为中间人代持证券的账户持有人的有担保债权人排序先于任何相竞求偿人(见第11条和第19条第2款);(b)以控制权方式使担保权取得对抗第三方效力的有担保债权人优先于以公约以外的法律规定的任何其他办法取得对抗第三方效力的担保权(例如,以登记方式;见第12条和第19条第2款);(c)如两人取得相同中间人代持证券的控制权,则取得控制权时间在先者优先(第19条第3款);(d)如一证券中间人持有其所管理的证券账户的担保权,随后允许另一有担保债权人取得该账户的控制权,则该另一债权人排序在先(第19条第4款)
③Before 1986, there were brokers, acting for clients, and jobbers, making a market, and never the twain could meet.
1986年之前,存在代表客户利益的经纪人和做市的批发商,两者不能合而为一。
④Every person who finds any article or object in or upon any bus or vehicle of the North-west Railway or any part of the railway premises shall hand over the same to an official as soon as is practicable and no person other than an official shall remove from any bus or vehicle of the North-west Railway or any part of the railway premises any property lost or left behind therein, save for the purpose of handing over the same as soon as is practicable to an official and all articles or objects so found shall as between the finder and the Corporation be deemed to be in the possession of the Corporation.
任何人如在任何巴士或西北铁路车辆或铁路处所任何部分之内或之上拾获任何物品或物体,须在切实可行的范围内尽快将该物品或物体交予人员;除人员外,任何人不得将遗失或遗留在任何巴士或西北铁路车辆或铁路处所任何部分的财物,移离任何巴士或西北铁路车辆或铁路处所任何部分,但目的为在切实可行范围内尽快将该财物交予人员则属例外;而就拾获者与公司之间而言,拾获的所有物品或物体均须当作由公司所管有。