Slander、Libel和Defamation均有诽谤或侵犯名誉的含义。

Slander：a false spoken statement intended to damage the good opinion people have of sb; the legal offence of making this kind of statement，即“口头诽谤”，一般不构成犯罪，对slander提起侵权之诉多需要旁证证明造成实施损害等。

malicious slander 恶意诋毁

a vicious slander on the company's good name 对那家公司良好声誉的恶意诽谤

Libel：the act of printing a statement about sb that is not true and that gives people a bad opinion of them，一般指的是“（文字/书面）诽谤，中伤”。也可指“诽谤言论；不实之言”。

He sued the newspaper for libel. 他起诉那家报社犯有诽谤罪。

a libel action (= a case in a court of law) 诽谤诉讼

Defamation：the act of damaging sb's reputation by saying or writing bad or false things about them

Defamation是通用的法律概念，指通过向第三者传播虚假事实而致使他人(申诉者)名誉受损。其可包含两种形式的名誉诽谤，即上文所述的Libel和Slander。

crime of defamation 诽谤罪

unintentional defamation 无意的诽谤

Defamation Law诽谤法

参考双语例句：

①If DS SolidWorks is made aware of Data that may be (i) libelous, obscene, excessively violent, scandalous, defamatory, or that DS SolidWorks determines in its sole discretion to be otherwise unacceptable, undesirable, or objectionable, (ii) a violation of any law, regulation, or rights of a third party, including, but not limited to, rights under the copyright law and prohibitions on libel, slander, and invasion of privacy, or (iii) a violation of the Acceptable Use Policy set forth herein, DS SolidWorks has the right, but not the obligation, to remove or disable access to that Data.

如果 DS SolidWorks 意识到资料存在以下可能：(i) 诋毁他人、淫秽、过度暴力、具有丑闻性诽谤性或 DS SolidWorks独立判断其内容不可接受、令人不快或反感，(ii) 违反任何法律、法规或第三方权利，包括但不限于版权法规定的权利和有关禁止诽 谤、中伤、 侵犯他人隐私的法规，(iii) 或有可接受使用政策一节规定情况的，则 DS SolidWorks 有权但无义务删除该资料或禁止访问该资料。

②With respect to libel, the delegation stated that Kazakhstan did not agree that there was a need to decriminalize libel at this stage, because legal means such as the Criminal Code were the most efficient mechanism for preventing libel, as well as for punishing violations of individuals’ right to dignity, which was guaranteed by the Constitution.

关于文字诽谤问题，代表团声明哈萨克斯坦并不同意在此阶段有必要将文字诽谤非罪行化， 因为诸如《刑法》等法律手段是防止文字诽谤以及惩罚侵犯个人尊严权的最有效的机制，并且《刑法》是由《宪法》保障的。

③However, civil penalties for defamation should not be so heavy as to block freedom of expression and should be designed to restore the reputation harmed, not to compensate the plaintiff or to punish the defendant; in particular, pecuniary awards should be strictly proportionate to the actual harm caused, and the law should give preference to the use of non-pecuniary remedies, including, for example, apology, rectification and clarification”.

然而，对于诽谤的民事惩罚不应严厉到禁止表达自由的程度，而应旨在恢复受损名誉，而非赔偿原告或惩罚被告；尤其是应严格地使金钱补偿与实 际造成的伤害相当，法律应优先考虑使用非金钱补救措施，包括例如道歉、纠正和澄清在内的措施”。