中医药英文摘要参考信息有吗?

中医药英文摘要参考信息有吗?

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1.信息性或资料性文摘(Information Abstracts):绝大多数中医药文摘属于这一类,因为它以极精炼的语言对文章的研究目的、内容、方法、结果和结论加以客观地叙述。如:objective:T0-investigatethe effect of Shengmai Inj ection(SMI)on blood coagu—lation in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods:Sixty patients with CHF were randomly di—vided into two groups, the 30 patients in the treatedgroup were treated with SIⅥI plus conVentional treat—ment of Western medicine, and the 30 in the controlgroup treated with conventional treatment alone. Thechanges of cardiac function were observed and levels ofplasma P—selectin,von Willebrand’s factor(vWF)andD—dimer were determined. Results: The totaI effectiverate and the markedly effective rate in the treated groupwere higher than those in the control group respectiVe—ly.The levels of P—selectin,vWF and D—dimer loweredin both groups significantly after treatment,but the ef—fect of lowering was better in the treated group than(No.0324420047)that in the control group.Cbnclusion:HypercoagulatiVestate exist in patients with chronic heart failure. SMISould improve the state in patients, which may reducethe occurrence and developing of emboic events to cer—tain extent[中国中西医结合杂志2003;23(4):275—277]。

2.指示性或陈述性文摘(Indicated Abstracts):中医药类综述文献文摘属于这一类,它只需要指出原始文献的综合内容即可。如:中医治疗功能性消化不良的进展(Advances in the study of functional dyspepsiabv means of TCM),这既是论文的题目,又是该文献的综合内容,题目译好了,按照很多中医药类期刊的要求,英文摘要部分可省略。

3.中医药英文摘要的文体学特征:叙述简明,短句多,翻译时要尽量简化一些措辞和重复过的单元。如:“本文所谈的有关研究工作是对过去工艺的一个极大改进”,译者切不可将此句译进英文文摘,英文文摘不能有与所含信息内容无关的废话。遇到如下内容也要删繁就简。如:(1)在85到100度的高温下,根据不同期刊的要求,译成“at 85—100℃”或“at 85℃一100℃”要比译成“at high tempera—ture of 85℃一100℃”好。(2)在压力70mPa下译成“at70mPa”,不要译成“at a pressure of 70mPa”。(3)使用原料粒度70目,译成“with 70 meshes”即可。由此可以看出,介词短语在缩短句子长度方面作用很大。

句子结构严谨完整,逻辑性强在中医药类文摘中,多会提到“探讨了”,“调查了”,“对比分析了”,“推测了”等等这样的话,文中省去了主语“本文”、“作者”,这些无主语符合汉语的表达习惯,英译时,必须要保证该旬的完整性。如:

推测早期补肾可能有预防慢性阻塞性肺疾病继发骨质疏松症的作用。

It is inferred that early regulation of Shen may befacilitated to prevent osteoporosis in CoPD patients.用it作形式主语的句型可很好地处理类似问题,确保句意的完整。

4.中医药英文摘要的语法特征

人称和语态:乍一看来,两者似乎毫无关系,因为英语中无论哪个人称都可使用主动语态或被动语态。而事实上,绝大多数中医药英文摘要都采用第三人称和被动语态,这主要是由中医药类文摘特定的含义和功能决定的。如:

2001—2002年治疗骨髓坏死患者100例(100 patients with bone marrow necrosiswere treated from 200l to 2002);

在我院检查的130名继发性肾性高血压患者(130 patients with secondaryrenovascular hypertension were examined in our hospi—tal)。

以上2例均无须说明行为者是谁,所以采用被动语态。此外,中医药类摘要突出的是研究事实,如采用第一人称,主动语态,势必会有强调作者之意,因此,英译时不宜用“I think/Suppose”等表达法,需要译成“It’s believed/Shown that”等句型,使叙述更显客观。

时态:中医药类英语文摘只经常使用5种。

(1)一般现在时:如:本研究的目的是测定结合的和非结合的胆红素的血清浓度(The purpose of this study isto measure the serum concertration of conj ugated andunconjugated bilirubin)。

(2)现在完成时:化疗作为一种辅助疗法对接受手术治疗的患者有显著疗效(Chemotherapy used as an adjunct gives an obvious ef—fect in the patients who have received surgical treat—ment)。

(3)一般过去时:35名食管癌病人做了手术(Surgical operation was performed on 35 patients withesophageal carcinoma)。

(4)过去完成时:12名心绞痛患者在服用硝酸甘油片后得到改善(12阳tients withangina pectoris were improved after they had been givennitroglycerine)。

(5)一般将来时:由于获得了与临床更密切的相互关系,甲状腺球蛋白测定的实用性也将提高(As greater clinical correlation is obtained,the use—fulness of thyroglobulin determinations will increase)。

从以上5个例子可以看出,5种时态不是孤立使用的,翻译时,应把握文摘的整体性,多种时态并用做到文摘形式与内容有机结合。此外,把握好中医药英文摘要的语法特征,翻译时可以避免行文晦涩和表露个人情感,突出论证上客观性。要想译出合乎规范的、高水平的文摘,译者还应把重点放在正确理解中医药原文内容上,多实践,多总结。

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