哪位大神可以讲解一下“squeeze-out merger”这一条款?谢谢

哪位大神可以讲解一下“squeeze-out merger”这一条款?谢谢

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Squeeze-out merger,也称cash out merger或freeze-out merger,即股东被迫将其持有被收购公司的股份出售给收购公司。一般译为“排挤式并购”、“挤压式并购”,又称“逼宫式并购”。

 

排挤式并购是指一公司在获得对另一公司的控制权后,在其所作出的与该公司合并的决议中以现金交付的方式将该公司的少数股东排挤出公司。其结果不但使少数股东尚失了继续作为公司股东的身份,而且也使原有股东不能以较公正的价格在出卖股份时得到回报。A cash out merger (sometimes also referred to as a freeze out merger or a squeeze out merger) results from a merger of two entities in which the shareholders (or stockholders) of the target company (the company being taken over) do not want to be involved with the new company.

 

虽然对少数股东的排除手法类型很多,但现在利用最多的手法还是“排挤式并购”,其原因在于这一制度在税收和权力移转程序方面较之于其他手法更为有利。在国外,法院对解散、剩余财产分配和资产让渡的排除有严格规制,而对由并购的排除,法院的规制却逐渐缓解,这成为并购被最广泛利用的原因。

 

排挤式并购不但在美国被广泛运用,同时在英国、加拿大、澳大利亚也有类似的所谓“强制性股票购入”(compulsory acquisitions)制度,它是指收购者从目标公司股东获得90%以上股票时,可以以同一价格从未进行认购的股东处购买剩余的股票。日本也有称为Japanese squeeze-out 的交易,其中最典型的是股份转移(sharetransfer),即当发生公司并购且收购人持有的目标公司的股份已达到一定比例时,目标公司原来的少数股东只能在清算程序中获得现金。在德国,在股份有限公司法修改之后,持股95%以上的大股东也可以通过股东大会决议的方式排除剩余的少数股东。

 

在并购协议中,squeeze-out clause一般被译为强制排除条款或挤压式并购条款,如某协议中的相关双语条款如下:

 

Squeeze-out Clause

强制排除条款

 

The Borrower will, or the Borrower will direct the Acquiror to, consummate the Squeeze Out in accordance with the Tender Offer Registration Statement and all applicable Laws as soon as reasonably practicable after the Closing Date, but in any event, within one hundred twenty (120) days after the Closing Date (as such date may be extended by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion), and, after giving effect thereto, the Borrower will own, directly or indirectly, 100% of the Equity Interests of the Target. If the Acquiror is required to take alternative methods for the Squeeze Out which is different from Tender Offer Registration Statement, the Borrower will obtain the prior written consent from the Administrative Agent regarding the alternative methods.

借方将,或者借方将指示收购方,在交割日后合理可行的情形下尽快(但任何情形下,均应在交割日(行政代理可能会自行酌情延迟该日期)后一百二十(120)日内)根据收购要约登记表以及所有适用法律完成强制排除,在实施强制排除后,借方将直接或间接拥有目标公司100%的权益。如果收购方被要求以除收购要约登记表以外的其他方式实施强制排除,借方将就该等其他方式取得行政代理的事先书面同意。

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