Contractor在不同领域的用法

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《元照英美法词典》针对“contractor”给出了两种定义:一是合同当事人;二是承包人;承揽人。一般情况下,“contractor”习惯性地译为“承包商”,但实际上,在不同场景下,应根据具体情况确定相应的含义。

 

1. 承揽人(承揽合同)

在承揽合同中,“contractor”表示“承揽人”,对应“定作人”。承揽合同是承揽人按照定作人的要求完成工作,交付工作成果,定作人支付报酬的合同。

例句:

原文:

定作人提供材料的,应当按照约定提供材料。承揽人对定作人提供的材料应当及时检验,发现不符合约定时,应当及时通知定作人更换、补齐或者采取其他补救措施。

(《中华人民共和国民法典》第七百七十五条第一款)

译文:

Where a client is to provide the materials, he shall provide the materials in accordance with the agreement. The contractor shall promptly inspect the materials provided by the client, and, if any inconformity is found, the contractor shall promptly request the client to make replacement, make up the shortage or take other remedial measures.

 

2. 承包人(建设工程合同)

在建设工程合同中,“contractor”表示“承包人”,对应“发包人”。建设工程合同是承包人进行工程建设,发包人支付价款的合同。

例句:

原文:

发包人可以与总承包人订立建设工程合同,也可以分别与勘察人、设计人、施工人订立勘察、设计、施工承包合同。发包人不得将应当由一个承包人完成的建设工程支解成若干部分发包给数个承包人。

(《中华人民共和国民法典》第七百九十一条第一款)

译文:

A contract-offering party may conclude a contract for construction project with a general contractor, or conclude separate contracts for prospecting, designing, and construction with the prospecting, designing, and construction parties respectively. A contract-offering party may not break up one construction project that should be completed by one contractor into several parts and offer them to several contractors.

 

3. 合同者(油气合同)

例句:

原文:

中方石油公司与外国企业合作开采陆上石油资源必须订立合同,除法律、法规另有规定或者合同另有约定外,应当由签订合同的外国企业(以下简称外国合同者)单独投资进行勘探,负责勘探作业,并承担勘探风险;发现有商业开采价值的油(气)田后,由外国合同者与中方石油公司共同投资合作开发;外国合同者并应承担开发作业和生产作业,直至中方石油公司按照合同约定接替生产作业为止。

(《中华人民共和国对外合作开采陆上石油资源条例》第十三条)

译文:

To cooperate in the exploitation of on-shore resources, the Chinese petroleum companies and the foreign enterprise must enter into a contract. Unless laws, regulations or the contract specifies otherwise, the foreign enterprise entering into the contract (hereinafter referred to as the"foreign contractor") solely shall provide the investment for the exploration, be responsible for the exploration operations and bear all exploration risks. After the discovery of an oil (gas) field with commercial exploitation value, the foreign contractor and the Chinese petroleum companies shall jointly invest in cooperative development. The foreign contractor shall undertake the development and production operations, until production operations are taken over by Chinese petroleum companies as stipulated in the contract.

 

此外,需要注意的是,在上述条例中,“承包者”译为“subcontractor”,如下所示:

原文:

作业者和承包者在实施石油作业中,应当遵守国家有关环境保护和安全作业方面的法律、法规和标准,并按照国际惯例进行作业,保护农田、水产、森林资源和其他自然资源,防止对大气、海洋、河流、湖泊、地下水和陆地其他环境的污染和损害。

译文:

In carrying out petroleum operations, operators and subcontractors shall observe the laws, regulations and standards of the State on environment protection and operational safety, conform to international practice, protect farmland, aquatic resources, forest reserves and other natural resources, and prevent pollution of and damage to the atmosphere, seas, rivers, lakes, groundwater and other land environments.

发布于 2024-03-29 17:22:53
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