分词位于句首,先找主语再翻译;分词位于名词后,相当于状语。
如
Studies by Hargrave and Green estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for filed conditions using the known population density of grazers.
这句话句子很长,生词很多,需要按照顺序翻译出来即可。
第一步:断句
Studies by Hargrave and Green estimated natural community grazing rates/ by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory/ and then computing community grazing rates for filed conditions/ using the known population density of grazers.
分析
1. Studies by Hargrave and Green estimated natural community grazing rates是主句;
2. by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory和and then computing community grazing rates for filed conditions是两个非谓语动词构成的方式状语;
3. using the known population density of grazers是现在分词作定语修饰前面的状语,定语少于八个单词应当前置。
第二步:翻译
由哈格雷夫和吉恩所进行的研究,对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估算,其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率,然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度,计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率。
分析
主句过长,翻译时,需要单独翻译。
第三步:重读
由哈格雷夫和吉恩所进行的研究,对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估算,其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率,然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度,计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率。
参考
《十二天突破英汉翻译》(笔译篇)武峰