从翻译的角度讲，英译汉时，多用名词，或者省略；汉译英时，多用代词。英文代词翻译可以总结为两句话：一是代词指明要点；二是代词的翻译要不抽象不具体。

如

It may seem strange to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions.

第一步：断句

It may seem strange/ to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet. /But/ the fact is that they were all social revolutions.

分析

句首it指的是后面的不定式to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet；they指的是前面的an industrial revolution and two political revolution。

第二步：翻译

把第一场工业革命和两场政治革命归为一类，这似乎有点奇怪，但是，事实上，这三场革命都是社会革命。

分析

不定式放句首翻译是因为it代替的是不定式，体现了评论与事实的关系。to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet是事实，strange是评论，根据中文先事实后评论。

参考

《十二天突破英汉翻译》（笔译篇）武峰