在招标文件中，一般都会提出“投标人不得与其他投标人相互串通投标，或者与招标人串通投标”，串通投标就是投标人与招标人之间或者投标人与投标人之间采用不正当手段，对投标事项进行串通，以排挤竞争对手或者损害招标人利益的行为。那么，在翻译招标文件时，“串通投标”应该怎样处理呢？

第一种是翻译成名词，即“collusive bidding”或者“collusive tendering”，具体用法见下面例句：

例句1：

原文：

Collusive bids. All bidders shall submit statements, on forms provided by the administrator, of noncollusion with all bids. Failure to provide the statement shall disqualify the bidder. Collusive bidding shall be punishable by a fine not to exceed $10,000 or imprisonment for a period up to five years, or both.

（383B.145.10, 2020 Minnesota Statutes）

译文：

串通投标。所有投标人应在管理人提供的表格上提交不串通投标声明。未能提交声明的，应取消投标人资格。串通投标应处以10,000美元以下罚款或五年以下监禁，或两者并罚。

例句2：

原文：

A person who-

(a) makes or joins in the making of a tender in accordance with a collusive tendering agreement; or

(b) in pursuance of a collusive tendering agreement abstains from making a tender-

shall be guilty of an offence. Penalty: Imprisonment for 6 months or 25 penalty units or both.

（Section 3(1), Collusive Practices Act 1965）

译文：

以下行为构成犯罪：

(a) 依据串通投标协议进行或参与投标；或

(b) 依据串通投标协议放弃投标。

处罚：6个月监禁或25个罚款单位，或两者并罚。

第二种是翻译成动词，即“collude”，惯用搭配是“collude with”，具体用法见下面例句：

例句：

原文：

投标人相互串通投标或者与招标人串通投标的，投标人以向招标人或者评标委员会成员行贿的手段谋取中标的，中标无效，处中标项目金额千分之五以上千分之十以下的罚款，对单位直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处单位罚款数额百分之五以上百分之十以下的罚款；有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得；情节严重的，取消其一年至二年内参加依法必须进行招标的项目的投标资格并予以公告，直至由工商行政管理机关吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。给他人造成损失的，依法承担赔偿责任。

（《中华人民共和国招标投标法》第五十三条）

译文：

If the tenderer wins the bid by colluding with the tenderers or with the tenderee or paying bribes to the tenderee or members of the bid evaluation committee, the bid shall be invalid, and the bid winner shall be subject to a fine of not less than 0.5% but not more than 1% of the total value of the bidding project. The person-in-charge directly responsible for the entity or any other person who are held directly responsible shall be subject to a fine of not less than 5% but not more than 10% of the total amount of fine imposed upon the entity. Where any illegal gains have resulted, such gains shall be confiscated; where the circumstances are serious, the tenderer shall be disqualified for a term of 1 to 2 years from participation in bidding for projects for which bid invitation is required by law and shall be published in public notices, or be revoked of his business license by the administration for industry and commerce. If any violation of law constitutes a crime, the tenderer shall be criminally prosecuted. If losses have been caused to other persons, the tenderer shall be responsible for making compensations.

第三种是翻译成句子，即“the bids were collusive”或者“the tenders were collusive”，具体用法见下面例句：

例句1：

原文：

Invitations may be cancelled and all bids rejected before award but after opening when, consistent with subparagraph (a)(1) of this section, the agency head determines in writing that-

(1) Inadequate or ambiguous specifications were cited in the invitation;

(2) Specifications have been revised;

(3) The supplies or services being contracted for are no longer required;

(4) The invitation did not provide for consideration of all factors of cost to the Government, such as cost of transporting Government-furnished property to bidders’ plants;

(5) Bids received indicate that the needs of the Government can be satisfied by a less expensive article differing from that for which the bids were invited;

(6) All otherwise acceptable bids received are at unreasonable prices, or only one bid is received and the contracting officer cannot determine the reasonableness of the bid price;

(7) The bids were not independently arrived at in open competition, were collusive, or were submitted in bad faith (see subpart 3.3 for reports to be made to the Department of Justice);

(8) No responsive bid has been received from a responsible bidder;

(9) A cost comparison as prescribed in OMB CircularA-76 and subpart 7.3 shows that performance by the Government is more economical; or

(10) For other reasons, cancellation is clearly in the public’s interest.

（FAR 14.404-1(C)）

译文：

在开标至合同授予期间（不包括合同授予），若机构负责人依据本条第(a)(1)项以书面形式确定发生以下情况，可取消招标邀请并拒绝所有投标：

(1) 招标邀请书引用的规范不充分或不明确；

(2) 已对规范进行修订；

(3) 不再需要就供货或服务订立合同；

(4) 招标邀请书未考虑有关政府成本的所有因素，比如，将政府提供的财产运至投标人工厂花费的成本；

(5) 收到的标书表明，一种虽然与招标产品不同但成品较低的产品可满足政府需求；

(6) 收到的所有其他可接受投标价格不合理，或仅收到一份投标，且签约官员无法确定投标价格是否合理；

(7) 投标并非在公开竞争中独立达成，或串通投标，或以不正当方式投标（需向司法部提交的报告见第3.3子部分）；

(8) 未收到可靠投标人作出的响应性投标；

(9) CircularA-76和第7.3子部分所载成本分析表明，政府工作具有经济性；或

(10) 基于其他原因，取消招标邀请显然符合公众利益。

例句2：

原文：

If a procuring entity uses limited tendering, it may choose, according to the nature of the procurement, not to apply Articles 13.6, 13.7, 13.8, 13.10, 13.11, 13.12, 13.13 or 13.14. A procuring entity may use limited tendering only under the following circumstances:

(a) if, in response to a prior notice, invitation to participate or invitation to tender:

(i) no tenders were submitted or no suppliers requested participation;

(ii) no tenders were submitted that conform to the essential requirements in the tender documentation;

(iii) no suppliers satisfied the conditions for participation; or

(iv) the tenders submitted were collusive,

provided that the procuring entity does not substantially modify the essential requirements set out in the notices or tender documentation;

（《中国香港与澳洲的自由贸易协定》第13.9条第(a)款）

译文：

采购实体采用有限招标的，可依据采购性质选择不适用于第13.6条、第13.7条、第13.8条、第13.10条、第13.11条、第13.12条、第13.13条或第13.14条。采购实体仅可在下列情况下采用有限招标：

(a) 若依据事先通知发出参与邀请或投标邀请：

(i) 没有投标书提交或没有供应商要求参与；

(ii) 未提交符合招标文件基本要求的投标书；

(iii) 没有供应商满足参与条件；或

(iv) 串通投标，

前提是采购实体未实质性修改招标通知或招标文件所载基本要求；