涉外民事判决书是法院在审理涉外案件过程中,适用民事法律法规,确认民事权利义务关系、解决涉外民事案件争议,就案件的实体问题和程序问题依法制作的具有法律效力的法律文书。英美国家的民事判决书称Civil Judgment或Judgment in a Civil Action。本文主要分析了国内民事判决书的格式并总结了其中的一些常用句式翻译供大家参考与探讨。
我国民事判决书一般由四部分组成:
第一部分,首部。主要包括三项内容:
1. 标题及案号(位于文书顶端中央)
中华人民共和国
XX人民法院
(年)X民初(或终)字第X号
翻译这一处时,主要需要注意的是第三行((年)X民处(或终)字第X号)的翻译,类似这种字号的翻译可直接采用拼音,如:
(2017)粤民终2862号 (2017) Yue Min Zhong No.2862
2. 当事人身份相关事项。包括原告、被告及其委托诉讼代理人和地址等。如:
上诉人(一审原告)Appellant (Plaintiff in the first instance):
住所地Domicile:
法定代表人Legal Representative:
委托诉讼代理人Agent ad litem:
被上诉人(一审被告)Defendant in the first instance:
住所地Domicile:
法定代表人Legal Representative:
委托诉讼代理人:Agent ad litem:
3. 案由。按固定格式规定,写明:“原告XX诉被告XX(案由)一案,本院受理后,依法组成合议庭(或依法由审判员XX担任审判),公开(或不公开)开庭进行了审理,本案现已审理终结。”如:
原告XXX与被告XXX编织机销售合同纠纷一案,本案受理后,依法组成合议庭,公开开庭进行了审理。原告A公司法定代表人MM,B公司委托代理人DD,被告XXX公司委托代理人PP到庭参加诉讼。本案现已审理终结。
In respect of the dispute arising from the sales contract for knitting machines between the plaintiffs A and B, and the Defendant XXX, the Court has accepted this case as filed and formed a collegial panel and convened a public court session. Legal representative MM of A, Agent ad litem DD, authorized by B and Agent ad litem PP, authorized by the defendant XXX, participated in the court session and submitted their arguments. This case is decided now.
第二部分,事实。一般包括以下两方面内容:
1. 用“原告XX诉称:……、被告人XX辩称、第三人XX述称,概述双方当事人争议的事实理由及各自的诉讼请求、答辩意见”。
原告XX诉称 Plaintiffs claimed as follows:
二原告提出如下诉讼请求The two plaintiffs pray as follows
被告人XX辩称Defendant...defended as follows
第三人称诉称 The third party...stated that
2. 人民法院审理后查明的事实部分。
第三部分,理由。包括判决的理由及判决所依据的法律法规。如:
由于被告对原告所提供的证据没有异议,法院认定原告提交的证据材料具有效力:Since the Defendant has no objection to the above evidences, the court holds that the Exhibits submitted by the Plaintiff are valid evidence。
由于被告对原告的证据材料提出异议,并且原告也没有其他证据予以佐证,法院认定原告提供的证据不具有证据效力:Since the Defendant objects to Exhibit... submitted by the Plaintiff, and the Plaintiff has no other evidence to prove the issue, the court holds that Exhibit... submitted by the Plaintiff is not valid evidence (the court shall not uphold the verity of Exhibit...)
最后法院依据相关的具体法律法规,做出判决:In accordance with the relevant laws and regulations, it ordered as follows。
如不服本判决,可在判决书送达之日起十五日内,向本院递交上诉状,并按对方当事人的人数提出副本,上诉于XX中级人民法院:Appeal shall be brought by a dissatisfied party to ... Intermediate People’s Court via this court within 15 days from the service of the judgment in the number of copies corresponding to the number of adverse parties.
第四部分,尾部。在民事判决书最后写明:“如不服本判决,可在判决书送达之日起三十日内,向本院递交上诉状,并根据对方当事人的人数提出副本,上诉于XX人民法院。”下方有审判人员、书记员署名、日期、印章等。如:
如不服本判决,可在判决书收到之日起十五日内,向本院递交上诉状,并按对方当事人的人数提出副本,上诉于浙江省高级人民法院。
Appeal shall be brought by the dissatisfied party to Zhejiang Higher People’s Court via this court within 15 days from the issuance of this decision in the number of copies corresponding to the number of adverse parties.
审判长Presiding Judge:
审判员Judge:
日期Date:
书记员Clerk: