法律中的嫌犯和罪犯的表达和区分

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嫌犯(suspect; crime suspect):即犯罪嫌疑人,在刑事诉讼过程中,侦查阶段、审查起诉阶段、审判阶段对涉嫌犯罪的当事人的称谓。


罪犯(criminal;offender;convict;culprit):在刑事诉讼过程中,经法院依法作出生效判决后,对确定犯罪的当事人的称谓。


嫌犯和罪犯的区别:

犯罪嫌疑人和罪犯不同,依无罪推定的原则,除非经审判证明有罪确定,犯罪嫌疑人是无罪的。


相关法律法规:

《刑事诉讼法》第六十六条:

人民法院、人民检察院和公安机关根据案件情况,对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人可以拘传、取保候审或者监视居住。

《刑事诉讼法》第六十七条:

人民法院、人民检察院和公安机关对有下列情形之一的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人,可以取保候审:

(一)可能判处管制、拘役或者独立适用附加刑的;

(二)可能判处有期徒刑以上刑罚,采取取保候审不致发生社会危险性的;

(三)患有严重疾病、生活不能自理,怀孕或者正在哺乳自己婴儿的妇女,采取取保候审不致发生社会危险性的;

(四)羁押期限届满,案件尚未办结,需要采取取保候审的。


参考双语例句:

However, where the national criminal justice authorities considering exercising universal jurisdiction have serious reasons to believe that the territorial State and the State of nationality of the suspect or the victims are manifestly unwilling or unable to prosecute the suspect, and the suspect is a foreign State official exercising a representative function on behalf of his or her State, they should seek and issue a summons to appear or equivalent measure, rather than an arrest warrant, to enable the suspect to appear before the court and to produce, with the assistance of counsel, any exculpatory evidence in his or her possession.

然而,若考虑行使普遍管辖权的国家刑事司法当局有重大理由认为,嫌疑人或受害者的领土国和国籍国显然不愿意或无能力起诉嫌疑人,而且嫌疑人是行使代表国家职能的外国国家官员,则国家刑事司法当局应设法下达出庭传票,或采取同等措施,而不是下达逮捕令,以便嫌疑人能够出庭,并在律师协助下,提供一切其掌握的证明无罪的证据。

The Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act, 2008, includes the following key elements: (1) heavier penalties on all persons involved in human trafficking; (2) compensation, which victims may claim from the offender for any damages caused by human trafficking; (3) shelter and other necessities including physical, psychosocial, legal, educational and health care provided to victims; and (4) protection for both men and women and boys and girls regardless of their nationalities.

2008年《反贩运人口法》包括下列重要内容:(1)加重对所有参与贩运人口行为者的惩罚;(2)受害者可以要求犯罪行为人对贩运人口行为所引发的损害给予补偿;(3)庇护和其他必要措施,包括向受害者提供物质、社会心理、法律、教育和保健服务;(4)向男性和女性提供保护,不论其国籍。

发布于 2022-10-30 13:18:41
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