抚养（foster/raise/upbringing）：主要是父母、祖父母、外祖父母等长辈对子女、孙子女、外孙子女等晚辈的抚育、教养。

扶养（support）：法律意义上的扶养指的是亲属间的抚养。

广义上的扶养泛指特定亲属以及夫妻之间根据法律的明确规定而存在的经济上相互供养、生活上相互扶助的权利义务关系。

狭义上的扶养专指平辈亲属以及夫妻之间依法发生的经济供养和生活扶助权利义务关系。

受扶养人：dependent

受扶养配偶：dependent spouses

受扶养家庭：dependent family

赡养（support/maintain）：指子女或晚辈对父母或长辈在物质上和生活上的帮助。包括两种情况：

1、子女父母赡养

2、晚辈对长辈赡养

相关双语法规：

《婚姻法》第二十一条：

父母不履行抚养义务时，未成年的或不能独立生活的子女，有要求付给抚养费的权利。

Where parents fail to perform their duty of bringing up children, children who are minors or unable to live independently shall have the right to demand payment of maintenance fees.

《民法典》第三十七条：

依法负担被监护人抚养费、赡养费、扶养费的父母、子女、配偶等，被人民法院撤销监护人资格后，应当继续履行负担的义务。

A parent, child, or spouse legally obligated to pay for his ward’s support shall continue to perform such obligations after being disqualified as a guardian by the people’s court.

《民法典》第一千零五十九条：

夫妻有相互扶养的义务。需要扶养的一方，在另一方不履行扶养义务时，有要求其给付扶养费的权利。

Both spouses have the duty to support each other.The party in need of spousal support is entitled to claim such payments against the other party who has failed to fulfill the spousal support duty.

《民法典》第一千零七十五条：

有负担能力的兄、姐，对于父母已经死亡或者父母无力抚养的未成年弟、妹，有扶养的义务。

Elder brothers or sisters, if financially capable, have the duty to raise their minor siblings whose parents are deceased or are incapable of such raising.

由兄、姐扶养长大的有负担能力的弟、妹，对于缺乏劳动能力又缺乏生活来源的兄、姐，有扶养的义务。

Younger brothers or sisters who have been brought up by their elder siblings and who are financially capable have the duty to support such elder siblings who lack both the capacity to work and the means to support themselves.

参考双语例句：

The family is founded on the freely consented marriage of the spouses, their full equality, as well as the right and duty of the parents to ensure the upbringing, education and instruction of their children.

家庭得以组建的基础是配偶双方自愿缔结的婚姻、配偶双方的完全平等以及父母双方保证抚养、教育和指导其子女的权利和义务。

Entitled families are: single-parent families; families with 4 or more children who receive one of the following benefits: Income Support, Alimony, Disability, Old-Age, Survivors’ Benefit; a child orphaned from both parents; an abandoned/orphaned child as defined in the Income Support Law; a child who immigrated to Israel without an insured parent; and women residing in a shelter for battered women, under certain conditions.

有资格的家庭包括：单亲家庭、拥有4个或以上子女且接受以下福利之一的家庭：收入扶持金，赡养费，伤残、老年、幸存者抚恤金；失去双亲的儿童；《收入扶持法》定义的遭遗弃的儿童/孤儿；移民到以色列而没有一名受保父母的儿童；以及因特殊情况居住在避难所的受虐待妇女。

The following categories of persons are considered equal to insured persons: pregnant women (from the 12th week of pregnancy), young people until 19 years of age, persons receiving a national pension granted in Estonia, and dependent spouses of insured persons who have up to five years until old-age pension.

下列几类人视为等同投保人：孕妇(从怀孕第12周起)，19岁以下的年轻人，领取在爱沙尼亚发放的国家养恤金的人，到领取养老金最多还有五年的投保人的受扶养配偶。

Rule 103.13(b) (Family allowances): changes are introduced to accommodate revised children’s and secondary dependant’s allowances for Professional and higher category staff members with effect from 1 January 2007.

第103.13 (c)条（家庭津贴）：根据2007年1月1日生效的专业及以上职类人员子女和二 级受扶养人津 贴修正案，做出了相应的修正。