浅谈员工持股计划

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员工持股计划 Employee Stock Ownership Plans,简称ESOP

员工持股计划属于一种特殊的报酬计划,是指为了吸引、保留和激励公司员工,通过让员工持有股票,使员工享有剩余索取权的利益分享机制和拥有经营决策权的参与机制。

ESOP即员工持股计划,是一种新型股权形式,是指公司将本公司的股票或者股权授予公司经营者(高管、核心员工、员工等),使其成为公司股东以获得共享公司收益以及参与公司经营决策的权益。ESOP属于一种特殊报酬计划,其实质上是一种长期激励,对象一般为能推动公司长期发展的高管人员以及核心员工。从国外的通常做法来看,ESOP总体来说可分为非杠杆化的ESOP和杠杆化的ESOP两种实现方式。

An employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) is an employee benefit plan that gives workers ownership interest in the company in the form of shares of stock. ESOPs give the sponsoring company—the selling shareholder—and participants various tax benefits, making them qualified plans, and are often used by employers as a corporate finance strategy to align the interests of their employees with those of their shareholders. 具体例句如下,以加深对该术语的理解:

例句1

An ESOP is usually formed to facilitate succession planning in a closely held company by allowing employees the opportunity to buy shares of the corporate stock. ESOPs are set up as trust funds and can be funded by companies putting newly issued shares into them, putting cash in to buy existing company shares, or borrowing money through the entity to buy company shares. ESOPs are used by companies of all sizes, including a number of large publicly traded corporations.

员工持股计划通常是为了让员工有机会购买公司股票,从而促进少数人持股公司的继任计划。员工持股计划是作为信托基金设立的,可以由公司向其投入新发行的股票,投入现金购买现有的公司股票,或通过实体借钱购买公司股票。各种规模的公司都使用员工持股计划,包括一些大型上市公司。

例句2

Contrary to what some people say, companies with an ESOP must not discriminate and are required to appoint a trustee to act as the plan fiduciary. Among other things, it is not possible for senior employees to receive more shares or for ESOP participants to have no voting rights.

与一些人所说的相反,拥有员工持股计划的公司不得歧视,并被要求指定一名受托人作为该计划的受托人。此外,高管不可能获得更多股份,员工持股计划参与者也不可能没有投票权。

例句3

Since ESOP shares are part of the employees’ remuneration package, companies can use ESOPs to keep plan participants focused on corporate performance and share price appreciation. By giving plan participants an interest in seeing the company’s stock perform well, these plans supposedly encourage participants to do what’s best for shareholders, since the participants themselves are shareholders.

由于员工持股计划股票是员工薪酬的一部分,公司可以利用员工持股计划让计划参与者专注于公司业绩和股价上涨。通过让计划参与者有兴趣看到公司股票的良好表现,这些计划理应鼓励参与者做对股东最有利的事情,因为参与者本身就是股东。

例句4

ESOP stands for employee stock ownership plan. An ESOP grants company stock to employees, often based on the duration of their employment. Typically, it is part of a compensation package, where shares will vest over a period of time. ESOPs are designed so that employees’ motivations and interests are aligned with those of the company’s shareholders. From a management perspective, ESOPs have certain tax advantages, along with incentivizing employees to focus on company performance.

ESOP代表员工持股计划。员工持股计划授予员工公司股票,通常基于员工的工作年限。通常,这是薪酬方案的一部分,股票将在一段时间内归属。员工持股计划旨在使员工的动机和利益与公司股东的一致。从管理的角度来看,员工持股计划有一定的税收优势,同时激励员工关注公司业绩。


相关知识拓展:

员工持股计划(ESOP)的应用:

在实际中,ESOP被广泛用于各种各样的公司重组活动中,包括代替或辅助对私人公司的购买、资产剥离、挽救濒于倒闭的公司以及反接管防御。美国西北航空公司便是因濒于倒闭而实施ESOP,并起死回生的。有些公司甚至将ESOP作为公司融资的一种手段。从企业所有者角度看,采用ESOP的用途主要可归纳为:

1、实行资本积累,公司筹资的一种手段;

2、为非公众持股公司的股票提供了一个内部交易的市场;

3、上市的一种替代方案;

4、防止敌意收购;

5、公司平稳放弃与让渡经营不理想的子公司;

6、实现公司所有权向雇员的转移;

7、为员工的退休提供保障,替代养老金;

8、提供激励机制,补偿雇员工资的减少,激发雇员的积极性,促进生产的提高。

员工持股计划与股权激励计划的区别:

首先,员工持股计划的对象是全体员工,而股权激励计划的侧重点是公司的董监高、核心业务和技术人员,以及公司认为应当激励的人员;其次,股权激励计划的实施方式主要有限制性股票和股票期权两种方式,通常要达到业绩考核标准才能行权,而员工持股计划并无业绩考核要求;此外,对于股票的来源、锁定期等方面也有不同的要求。整体来看,根据证监会的规定,股权激励更倾向于对高管的激励,而员工持股计划更侧重于利益的绑定,兼具激励的效果。

不同于股权激励计划,员工持股计划不限制员工的职级,所有员工都可以参与到员工持股计划中,获得长期的激励。员工持股计划通过让员工的身份从打工人,变成了企业的主人翁,从而有效激发员工的工作热情,提高工作绩效,优化企业整体业绩。同时,以股票对员工进行激励,相比于直接的薪酬支付给企业带来的财务上的压力更小,但是对于员工的长期利益有更好的保障效果。

发布于 2022-10-30 18:26:16
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