看守所(detention house/centre):是指涉嫌【刑事犯罪】的犯罪嫌疑人,法院暂时还没有做出司法判决,用于暂时性扣押犯罪嫌疑人的公安机关。依法被逮捕、刑事拘留的犯罪嫌疑人的机关。对被判处有期徒刑的罪犯,在被交付执行刑罚前,剩余刑期在三个月以下的,由看守所代为执行。
拘留所(detention house/centre):是指公安机关依法将特定的人短时间拘禁留置的场所。拘禁的人犯包括:被刑事拘留的人。刑事拘留是公安机关在紧急情况下依法限制现行犯或重大嫌疑分子人身自由的一种强制措施。目的是防止罪该逮捕的现行犯或重大嫌疑分子逃避侦查、审判或继续进行犯罪活动。对被拘留的人,要在拘留后的24小时以内进行讯问。如果发现不应当拘留时,必须立即释放,发给释放证明。
国外没有看守所,看守所与拘留所的区别较难体现在英语翻译中,一般都用detention house来表达。
监狱(prison/jail):国家刑罚执行机关。广义的监狱指关押一切犯人的场所,包括监狱、看守所、拘留所等。狭义的监狱指依照刑法和刑事诉讼法的规定,被判处死刑缓期二年执行、无期徒刑、有期徒刑的罪犯,在监狱内执行刑罚。
看守所、拘留所和监狱三者区别:
①看守所针对的是刑事案件的犯罪嫌疑人、被告人;
②拘留所针对的是被行政拘留、司法拘留的人员;
③监狱针对的是被判处相应限制自由刑罚的罪犯。
参考双语例句:
An appropriate system for juvenile justice is still not in place, there is a lack of juvenile judges and there are reports that children are held together with adults in police cells and pretrial detention centres
仍未建立适当的少年司法系统,缺少少年事务法官,并有报道说,看守所和审前拘留中心把儿童与成年人关押在一起
Most of the children come from families where the parents have been arrested for major crimes or are presently serving jail sentences, have been misplaced or are victims of severe abuse.
这些儿童大多数来自父母因涉嫌重大犯罪而已经被逮捕或目前正在监狱服刑的家庭,已成为流离失所者或严重虐待的受害者。
Previous employment or engagement in an activity equal to work is not required of an unemployed person who, for at least 180 days during the twelve months prior to registration as unemployed raised, as a parent or a guardian, a child of up to 18 years of age with a moderate, severe or profound disability, a child under 8 years of age or a child of 8 years of age until the child completed year one at school; or of a person who, for at least 180 days during the twelve months prior to registration as unemployed was under in-patient treatment, cared for a sick person, a person who is permanently incapacitated for work or an elderly person, or received a caregiver’s allowance under the Social Benefits for Disabled Persons Act or under the Social Welfare Act, was unemployed due to declaration as permanently incapacitated for work, or held in custody or served a sentence in a prison or house of detention.
下列人员不需事先就业或从事等于工作的活动:在登记失业之前的十二个月期间,身为父母或监护人,至少有180天抚养18岁以下中度、重度和极重度残疾的孩子,8岁以下的孩子或8岁至在学校读完一年级的孩子的失业人员;在登记失业之前的十二个月期间至少180天接受住院治疗的人,护理病人的人;长期无法工作的人,老年人,或接受《残疾人社会福利法》或《社会福利法》规定的照顾者津贴的人,因为宣布长期无法工作而失业的人,在监押的人,在狱 中或拘留所服刑的人。