年化收益率 annualized rate of return
年化收益率是指投资期限为一年所获的收益率。实际获得的收益计算公式为本金×年化收益率×投资天数/365。年化收益率仅是把当前收益率(日收益率、周收益率、月收益率)换算成年收益率来计算的,是一种理论收益率,并不是真正的已取得的收益率。例如日利率是万分之一,则年化收益率是3.65﹪(平年是365天)。比如某银行卖的一款理财产品,号称91天的年化收益率为3.1%,那么你购买了10万元,实际上你能收到的利息是10万*3.1%*91/365=772.88元,绝对不是3100元。另外还要注意,一般银行的理财产品不像银行定期那样当天存款就当天计息,到期就返还本金及利息。理财产品都有认购期,清算期等等。这期间的本金是不计算利息或只计算活期利息的,比如某款理财产品的认购期有5天,到期日到还本清算期之间又是5天,那么你实际的资金占用就是10天。实际的资金年化收益只有772.88*365/(101*10万)=2.79%。绝对收益是772.88/10万=0.7728%。
An annualized rate of return is calculated as the equivalent annual return an investor receives over a given period. The Global Investment Performance Standards dictate that returns of portfolios or composites for periods of less than one year may not be annualized. This prevents "projected" performance in the remainder of the year from occurring. Annualized returns are returns over a period scaled down to a 12-month period. This scaling process allows investors to objectively compare the returns of any assets over any period. 相关例句如下,供参考:
例句1
Annualized rate of return is a way of calculating investment returns on an annual basis. As we invest, we often want to know how much we are earning from our investments. When we calculate our investment earnings over time, it is known as the rate of return.
年化收益率是一种按年计算投资回报的方法。当我们投资时,我们经常想知道我们从投资中赚了多少。当我们计算一段时间内的投资收益时,它被称为收益率。
例句2
However, investments come in all shapes and sizes – how do we compare the share price of Amazon to an investment in Vancouver real estate? The annualized rate of return solves such a problem by calculating the rate of return for all investments on an annual basis. It allows us to compare different types of investments over the same time frame, making it easy to see which investments are most profitable.
但是,投资有各种形式和规模——我们如何将亚马逊的股价与温哥华房地产投资相比较?年化收益率通过按年计算所有投资的收益率,解决了这样一个问题。它允许我们在同一时间段内比较不同类型的投资,则很容易看出哪些投资最有利可图。
例句3
The annualized rate of return works by calculating the rate of return on investments for any length of time by averaging the returns into a year-long time frame. The calculation accounts for all the losses and gains over time and provides a measure of performance that equalizes all investments over the same time period. The annualized rate of return differs from the annual return because the former is an average that also accounts for the compounding of investment earnings over time.
年化收益率的工作原理是通过将一年时间框架内的收益平均化来计算任何时间长度的投资收益率。该计算考虑了一段时间内的所有损失和收益,并提供了一种在同一时间段内均衡所有投资的绩效衡量标准。年化收益率不同于年收益率,因为前者是一个平均值,也考虑了投资收益随时间的复利。
相关知识拓展:
在“投资公理一:投资的目的——赚钱”中我们得出了三条结论:
1、投资的目的是赚钱!
2、赚赔的多少和快慢以年化收益率表示。
3、投资成败的比较基准是:5年期银行定期存款利率、10-30年期长期国债收益率、当年通货膨胀率、当年大盘指数收益率。只有年化收益率超过这4个标准中的最高者才能算投资成功!
年化收益率如何计算呢?我们先来看简单的例子:一次性的投资。假设投资人在某一时刻投资了本金C于一个市场(比如股市),经过一段时间T后其市值变为V,则这段时间内投资人的收益(或亏损,如果V<C的话)为P=VC,其收益率(即绝对收益率,以下简称收益率)为K=P/C=(VC)/C=V/C-1,而假设一年的所有有效投资时间为D,则投资人可在一年内重覆投资的次数为N=D/T,那么该次投资的年化收益率便可表示为:Y=(1+K)^N-1=(1+K)^(D/T)-1或Y=(V/C)^N-1=(V/C)^(D/T)-1。
这里,一年的有效投资时间D是随不同市场而变动的。像银行存款、票据、债券等一般每年按360天(或很少情况下365天)计息,即D=360天。而股票、期货等公开交易市场,其有效投资时间便是一年的交易日数,扣除节假日后约为250日(每年52周,每周5个交易日,一年大约10天节假日:52×5-10=250)即D=250天。对于房地产、普通商业、实业等由于每天都可以买卖或开业,并不受节假日的影响,所以有效投资时间便是一年的自然日数,即D=365天。因闰年而导致的个别年份多一天等非常特殊的情况,由于其影响很小,自然可忽略不计。