Amicus Curiae，法律术语，法庭之友（协助法庭解决问题的人）；法官的顾问。

Amicus Curiae：one who is not a party to a case but is interested in or affected by its outcome and is allowed by the court to introduce argument or evidence to assist the court in deciding the case.

指案件当事人之外的个人、团体或政府机关对特定案件的事实或法律问题具有专业特长或独到见解，在法庭作出裁判（一般限于二审程序）之前就法院所面临的法律等问题向法院提供意见的制度。法庭之友向法庭提交意见的目的在于帮助法庭作出公正合理的判决，而提交的意见则表现为支持一方当事人的主张或完全从公共利益的角度出发而向法院提交法庭之友意见。

“法庭之友”制度作为特殊的司法诉讼习惯，在英美法系国家的诉讼制度中早已存在，但是大多数大陆法系国家没有这样一种制度，不过，近年来，在各种国际、区域司法机构乃至一些贸易协定中，“法庭之友”的应用日益广泛。

参考双语例句：

It deals only with the principle that amicus curiae submissions should be permitted, and leaves discretion to the arbitral tribunal regarding the procedure for allowing such submissions.

其中仅阐述了应当允许法庭之友提交材料的原则，而由仲裁庭酌情决定允许这类提交材料的操作程序。

Subject to the express exceptions set out in article 7, [the following documents][the arbitral tribunal shall decide which of the following documents] shall be made available to the public: the notice of arbitration; pleadings, submissions, including their exhibits, to the tribunal by a disputing party; any submissions [by the non-disputing State Party(ies) to the treaty and] by third parties (amicus curiae); and orders by the tribunal.

除第7条列出的明确例外之外，[下列文件][仲裁庭应当决定下列文件中哪些文件]应当向公众公布：仲裁通知；争议一方向仲裁庭提交的诉讼书、提交材料，包括其证据、[非争议一方的条约缔约国]第三方（法庭之友）的任何提交材料；以及仲裁庭的命令。

The Appeals Tribunal has issued 86 orders dealing with a broad range of issues, including motions seeking leave to file additional pleadings, to adduce additional evidence and to file amicus curiae brief; requests for the extension, suspension or waiver of time limits; requests relating to the confidentiality of documents; requests for temporary relief; requests for withdrawal of appeals (closure of a case); and requests for directions.

上诉法庭已发布86项命令，涉及各种各样的问题，包括：请求允许提交更多书状；举出其他证据和提交“法庭之友”书状；请求延长、中止或免除时限；请求对文件保密；请求临时救济；请求撤回上诉(结案)；请求指示。

At its fifty-third and fifty-fourth sessions, the Working Group generally agreed that the substantive issues to be addressed in the legal standard on transparency were the following: publicity regarding the initiation of arbitral proceedings; documents to be published (such as pleadings, procedural orders, supporting evidence); submissions by third parties (“amicus curiae”) in proceedings; public hearings; publication of arbitral awards; possible exceptions to the transparency rules; and repository of published information (“registry”) (A/CN.9/712, para. 31; A/CN.9/717, para. 56).

工作组第五十三届和第五十四届会议一致商定，透明度法律标准将要处理的实质性问题如下：关于启动仲裁程序的公示；需要公布的文件（例如诉讼书、程序命令、证据）；第三方（“法庭之友”）在程序中提交的材料；公开审理；裁决书的公布；透明度规则可能的例外；以及已公布信息的存储处（“登记处”）（A/CN.9/712，第31段；A/CN.9/717，第56段）。