强制性公积金计划 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes;简称强积金或MPF
强制性公积金计划是香港的一项退休保障计划,香港立法局于1995年7月27日通过《强制性公积金计划条例》,并在2000年12月1日正式实行。除了少数人士获豁免外,该计划强制18至65岁的香港雇员参与。雇主及雇员双方共同供款以成立基金。一般情况下,雇员要年满65岁或提出特殊原因,才可取回供款。
根据强积金制度,雇员和雇主须按最低及最高收入水平,每个月分别向强积金受托人,注入有关雇员收入的5%或以上作为供款,自雇人士亦须以个人收入最少5%的作为强制性供款。强积金供款的最低有关收入水平为每月7,100港元。每月赚取超过HK$30,000的雇员,雇主和雇员的强制性供款上限均为HK$1,500,自雇人士供款上限为每年HK$300,000。雇员可于每年一次把供款户口的雇员供款部分的所有累算权益转移至另一计划。一般而言,累算权益须保存至计划成员年届65岁退休年龄方可提取。然而,基于计划成员死亡、丧失行为能力、永久离开香港及提早退休的原因,可在退休年龄之前支付取得。
The Mandatory Provident Fund (Chinese: 强制性公积金), often abbreviated as MPF (强积金), is a compulsory saving scheme (pension fund) for the retirement of residents in Hong Kong. Most employees and their employers are required to contribute monthly to mandatory provident fund schemes provided by approved private organisations, according to their salaries and the period of employment. The Mandatory Provident Fund was implemented in December 2000, following the enactment of the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance on 27 July 1995 and Provident Fund Schemes Legislation (Amendment) Ordinance 1998 in March 1998. The Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority (MPFA), up and running in September 2000, is charged with supervising the provision of MPF schemes – it registers schemes and ensures that approved trustees administer schemes prudently. The MPFA have powers to ensure compliance, including the ability to conduct inspections, audits and investigations, and also to impose sanction on a trustee in the event of breaches of the legislation. 以下为相关例句,可供参考:
例句1
The Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF) is Hong Kong’s government-mandated approach to retirement savings. Depending on employee classification, global employers may be required to contribute to these funds. By familiarizing yourself with the specific requirements and scenarios, you can stay compliant—and avoid hefty penalties and fines.
强制性公积金(MPF)是香港政府授权的退休储蓄方式。根据员工分类,全球雇主可能需要缴纳这些基金。通过熟悉特定的要求和场景,您可以保持合规性,并避免高额罚款
例句2
The mandatory provident fund, or MPF, in Hong Kong is a structured savings scheme designed to provide retirement savings for employed and self-employed Hong Kong citizens. In most cases, participation is mandatory for employers and employees. But there are some exceptions for low earners, certain professions, and non-citizens.
香港的强制性公积金(MPF)是一项结构性储蓄计划,旨在为受雇和自雇的香港公民提供退休储蓄。在大多数情况下,雇主和雇员都必须参加。但是对于低收入者、某些职业和非公民也有一些例外。
例句3
The most common type of MPF in Hong Kong is a master trust scheme. These are open to employees of participating companies, self-employed individuals, and former employees with accrued benefits. These MPF schemes pool contributions from different participants at different levels of risk. They’re the perfect option for most small and medium-sized businesses.
香港最常见的强积金是集成信托计划。这些对参与公司的雇员、个体经营者和有累积福利的前雇员开放。这些强积金计划汇集了不同风险水平的不同参与者的缴款。它们是大多数中小型企业的最佳选择。
例句4
The Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority (MPFA) is the statutory body established in 1998 to regulate and supervise the operation of MPF schemes. With a vision to build a retirement savings system that is valued by Hong Kong people, the MPFA has the following missions:
- Supervising and regulating MPF schemes, trustees and intermediaries;
- Protecting MPF scheme members' interests;
- Enhancing the MPF System for the benefit of Hong Kong's working population; and
- Educating Hong Kong's working population about the MPF System and the need to save for retirement.
强制性公积金计划管理局(MPFA)于一九九八年成立,是规管及监督强积金计划运作的法定机构。MPFA的目标是建立香港人重视的退休储蓄制度,其使命如下:
- 监督和规管强积金计划、受托人和中介人;
- 保障强积金计划成员的利益;
- 加强强积金制度,为香港工作人口谋福利;和
- 教育香港的工作人口认识强积金制度和为退休储蓄的需要。
相关知识拓展:
强积金有关法规
《职业退休计划条例》是香港法例第426章,1993年10月15日实施
《强制性公积金计划条例》是香港法例第485章,2000年12月1日实施
《2001年强制性公积金计划(修订)条例草案》,2002年2月6日立法会通过
《2002年强制性公积金计划(修订)条例草案》,2002年7月12日立法会通过
《2002年强制性公积金计划(修订)(第2号)条例》,2003年2月1日实施
《雇员补偿条例(香港法例第282章)》
强积金计划的种类
强积金计划分为三类:
集成信讬计划:最常见的强积金计划,公开让参与僱主的有关僱员、自僱人士及将累算权益转移的人士参加。这类计划透过收集不同僱主及其有关僱员和自僱人士的供款,使计划管理更具效能,发挥规模经济的效益。
僱主营办计划:只限受僱于同一僱主及其有关连公司的有关僱员参加。正因如此,僱员人数必须庞大,僱主营办计划方具成本效益。
行业计划:特别为僱员流动性高的饮食业和建造业而设。凡受僱于这两类行业的僱员,若成为行业计划的成员,只要前僱主及新僱主参加同一行业计划,在行内转职时便无须转换计划。