现在分词短语（Present Participial Phrase）和过去分词短语（Past Participial Phrase）在句子除用作定语外，还大量地用作状语，用于修饰谓语动词或整个句子。在这种情况下，分词短语可以用来表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况，翻译时可根据具体情况进行处理。

1.表示方式和伴随情况

Force majeure preventing a party from performing any of its obligations under this Contract, in whole or in part, may be asserted against the other party only if the prevented party gives notice by registered mail of the inception and cessation of the force majeure within fifteen (15) days in each case enclosing a confirmation by the proper authorities or published information attesting the reality of the facts and the accuracy of the data supplied.

一方因遭受不可抗力而不能全部或部分履行其在本合同项下的任何义务，可以通知另一方不可抗力的存在，但遭受方应在不可抗力发生和终止后十五（15）日内，分别用挂号信向另一方发出该不可抗力的起始和终止的通知，并附上有关当局的证明或公开发布的消息，证明事实真相和所提供的材料的准确性。

2.表示结果

Countries that are more open to foreign competition and investment receive growth-promoting benefits in two ways: their firms become more competitive and efficient, raising productivity and incomes; and they also are in a better position to absorb technology from abroad.

对外来竞争和投资更为开放的国家，从两个方面得到促进经济增长的好处：它们的企业更具竞争力，效率也更高，从而带动生产力和收入的增长，而且这些企业也能更好地吸收国外技术。

3.表示时间

If, prior to Completion, it is found that any of the Warranties is not satisfied, the Buyer shall serve notice in writing on the Seller providing full particulars of the same and an estimate of the Seller’s maximum liability pursuant to any claim resulting from such breach, on which service the Seller may terminate this Agreement without liability to the Buyer. If, having been so notified, the Seller does not terminate this Agreement, the Buyer’s right of recovery in respect of such breach shall be limited to the amount of its estimate.

如果在完成前发现任何一条保证未切实履行，买方应向卖方送达书面通知，提供保证未切实履行的详情，以及根据该等违约行为引起的索赔对卖方的最大赔偿责任作出的估算。通知送达后，卖方可以终止本协议，但买方无须承担责任。如果接到该通知后，卖方不终止本协议，买方对于卖方的该等违约行为的追索权仅限于其估算的金额。

4.表示原因

Save as hereinafter provided in this Clause X, the Board shall comprise 2 persons appointed by Party A as directors and 3 persons appointed by Party B as directors, or such other number of directors as the Shareholders may agree having regard to the proportion of their shareholding of the issued and paid-up capital of the Company.

除本条下文规定外，董事会的组成为甲方委派的2名董事和乙方委派的3名董事，或考虑到各股东在已发行和已缴款的公司股本中的持股比例，股东可能同意的其他人数。