Commencement一词通常指beginning，开始。如：

Commencement Of Tenancy 租赁开始生效

Commencement Of The Contract 合约工程展开

Commencement And Termination 起讫

Commencement在法律语境中用作指“诉讼的开始”：

按美国《联邦民事诉讼法典》规定，民事诉讼多以向法院提交complaint开始；而在英国高等法院则以收到statement of claim开始。

在美国，刑事诉讼 (criminal action) 多从向治安法官 (magistrate) 提交preliminary complaint (自诉案件)或线人向其提交information且据此签发逮捕令状时算起。

刑事起诉(指公诉) (criminal prosecution) 则以：(1)治安法官收到线人提交的检举状 (information)且签发 逮捕状；或 (2)大陪审团认定被告有罪且提交诉状 (indictment) 时算作开始。

参考双语例句：

Subject to any special rights, privileges or restrictions as to the distribution of available surplus assets on liquidation for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares (i) (if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up, the excess shall be distributed pari passu amongst such members in proportion to the amount paid up on the shares held by them respectively and (ii) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members as such shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the paid-up capital such assets shall be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the Members in proportion to the capital paid up, or which ought to have been paid up, at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them respectively.

在清盘时就可用剩馀资产的分派而附于任何类别股份的任何特殊权利、特权或限制的规限下，(i)如本公司须予清盘且可于股东之间进行分派的可用资产多于清盘开始之时须偿付全部缴足股本，多出部分须按该等股东各自持有的股份缴足款额的比例同时及同等地分派予该等股东，及(ii)如本公司须予清盘且可于股东之间进行分派的可用资产不足以偿付全部缴足股本，分派的方式为尽可能将亏损由股东于清盘开始之时按各自持有的股份缴足股本或应予缴付的股本的比例承担。

A staff member selecting the option of special leave described in staff rule 9.8 (d) shall sign an undertaking acknowledging that his or her status on special leave is solely for pension purposes and that his or her entitlements and those of any dependants to all other emoluments and benefits under the Staff Regulations and Staff Rules is determined finally as at the date of commencement of such special leave.

选择工作人员细则9.8(d)所述特别假办法的工作人员，应签署保证书，确认其特别假身份纯为养恤金的目的，本人及任何受扶养人根据《工作人员条例》和《工作人员细则》所应享有的其他一切薪酬和福利，已在特别假开始之日最终确定。

Required Negotiations or Mediation Before Commencement of Arbitration – The parties agree to attempt to settle amicably any controversy or claim [related to OR arising out of] this contract, or the breach thereof, within [number of days] of written notification by a party of the claim, controversy or dispute (“Dispute Notice”).

各方当事人均同意在一方当事人就任何与本协议或违反本协议的行为〔相关的或因本协议或违反本协议的行为所产生的〕争议、争论或索赔发出书面通知（“争议通知”）后的〔日数〕日内，试图友好地解决该争议、争论或索赔。