Direct Examination、Cross Examination、Cross Examination和Recross Examination均是指法庭上当事人对证人的诘问。一般说来，当事双方在法庭上对宣誓证人的“诘问”(Examination)共有四次，双方各有两次机会。Examination: the questioning of a witness under oath.

Direct Examination：按规定是由提供证人的当事人或其代理人对代表己方证人首先诘问，此即为direct examination,译为“直诘”,也被称为“主诘问”(examination-in-chief)。直诘的目的在于通过己方证人的证言使自己获得最大的优势。通常，重大问题是不准在直接询问中提出，除非证人被证实不友善。

Cross Examination：在此之后，为他方当事人或其代理人对该证人的询问，即cross examination译为“盘诘”,盘诘的内容范畴一般在直诘内容范畴之内或有关证人的信誉事项，但法院也可自由裁量批准就重大问题向证人进行诘问。

Redirect Examination：此后又是提供证人的当事人或其代理人对己方证人的诘问，此第二次诘问即redirect examination,译为“再次直诘”。

Recross Examination：在此之后，是对方当事人或其代理人再次对该证人的诘问的机会，此次诘问为recross examination译为“再次盘诘”。

参考双语例句：

In any cause or matter begun by originating summons, originating motion or petition, and on any application made by summons or motion, evidence may be given by affidavit unless in the case of any such cause, matter or application any provision of these rules otherwise provides or the Court otherwise directs, but the Court may, on the application of any party, order the attendance for cross-examination of the person making any such affidavit, and where, after such an order has been made, the person in question does not attend, his affidavit shall not be used as evidence without the leave of the Court.

在任何藉原诉传票、原诉动议或呈请书开展的讼案或事宜中，并在有藉传票或动议提出的申请提出时，证据可藉誓章提出，但如在任何该等讼案、事宜或申请中，本规则的任何条文另有规定或法庭另有指示，则属例外；然而法庭可应任何一方的申请，命令作出任何该等誓章的人出庭接受盘问；凡在该命令作出后，有关的人并不出庭，则如无法庭许可，该人的誓章不得用作证据。

For example, counsel from civil-law jurisdictions will be asked to pay specific attention to the defence investigations and the examination and cross-examination of witnesses; non-Lebanese counsel will be asked to focus on relevant aspects of Lebanese law; and counsel from common-law jurisdictions will be asked to review, for example, the participation of victims in proceedings and the examination of witnesses by judges.

例如，将要求来自民法领域的律师特别注重辩方调查及讯问证人和交叉讯问证人等方面；对于非黎巴嫩籍律师，将要求他们注重黎巴嫩法律的相关方面；对于来自英美法系的律师，将要求他们审视被害人参与诉讼程序及法官询问证人等方面情况。

These included continuously reviewing witness lists to remove witnesses who would give evidence duplicating that already received, reducing the direct examination of witnesses and reducing the number of exhibits tendered where possible.

这些措施包括：不断审查证人名单以剔除那些所作证言将同已获证言重复的证人，减少对证人的直接审查，并尽可能减少所提证据的数量。