了解四种犯罪人员之前，我们先来了解以下什么是共同犯罪，共同犯罪的英文表达为“joint crime”，共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。

《中华人民共和国刑法》第二十五条：

共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。二人以上共同过失犯罪，不以共同犯罪论处；应当负刑事责任的，按照他们所犯的罪分别处罚。

A joint crime refers to an intentional crime committed by two or more persons jointly.

A negligent crime committed by two or more persons jointly shall not be punished as a joint crime; however, those who should bear criminal responsibility shall be individually punished according to the crimes they have committed.

我国刑法主要按共犯作用进行的分类，适当考虑了分工。按此标准将共犯成为四类，共同犯罪人分为主犯、从犯、胁从犯和教唆犯。以下就这四种共同犯罪人进行一一介绍：

①主犯的英文表达为“prime culprit”或“principle”，有时也用“perpetrator”表达。根据中华人民共和国刑法规定，组织、领导犯罪集团进行犯罪活动的或者在共同犯罪中起主要作用的，是主犯。三人以上为共同实施犯罪而组成的较为固定的犯罪组织，是犯罪集团（criminal gang）。

②从犯是主犯的对称，其英文表达为“accomplice”或“accessary”，是共犯种类之一。指共同犯罪（joint crime）中起次要或辅助作用的分子。起辅助作用，指为犯罪的实施创造有利条件，如提出建议、提供工具、排除障碍等。起次要作用，指在主犯的指挥下进行某种具体犯罪活动，或在一般共同犯罪中实施某种情节轻微的犯罪行为。

《中华人民共和国刑法》第二十七条：

在共同犯罪中起次要或者辅助作用的，是从犯。对于从犯，应当从轻、减轻处罚或者免除处罚。

An accomplice refers to any person who plays a secondary or auxiliary role in a joint crime. An accomplice shall be given a lighter or mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment.

③教唆犯，其英文表达为“instigator”或“abettor”，是指故意唆使并引起他人实施符合构成要件的违法行为的人。

《中华人民共和国刑法》第二十九条：

教唆他人犯罪的，应当按照他在共同犯罪中所起的作用处罚。教唆不满十八周岁的人犯罪的，应当从重处罚。如果被教唆的人没有犯被教唆的罪，对于教唆犯，可以从轻或者减轻处罚。

Anyone who instigates another to commit a crime shall be punished according to the role he plays in a joint crime. Anyone who instigates a person under the age of 18 to commit a crime shall be given a heavier punishment. If the instigated person has not committed the instigated crime, the instigator may be given a lighter or mitigated punishment.

④胁从犯，其英文表达为“accessory and coerced offender”或“accomplice under duress”，指的是被胁迫参加犯罪的人。

《中华人民共和国刑法》第二十八条：

对于被胁迫参加犯罪的，应当按照他的犯罪情节减轻处罚或者免除处罚。

Anyone who is coerced to participate in a crime shall be given a mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment in the light of the circumstances of the crime he commits.

参考双语例句：

The Amnesty Act was intended to promote national reconciliation by granting full amnesty to the perpetrators, joint perpetrators and accomplices involved in violations of State security and national defence, regardless of the nature of those violations or the penalties they incurred or might incur.

该法旨在促进全国和解，相关条款规定特赦所有触犯危害国家安全和国防罪行的主犯、共犯和从犯，不论其所犯或可能犯有的过错或罪行的性质如何。

The Penal Code of Qatar (Law No. 11 of 2004) applies, irrespective of nationality, to anyone present in the State after having committed, whether as perpetrator or accomplice, any offence abroad involving trafficking in drugs or persons, piracy or international terrorism.

卡塔尔《刑法典》(2004年第11号法律)适用于在国外实施任何贩运毒品或人口、海盗或国际恐怖主义行为后出现在卡塔尔的任何人，不论其国籍为何，也不论其是主犯还是从犯。

The general provisions (sections 19 to 21) of the Penal Code stipulate that parties to a crime include the perpetrator and the co-actor (parties to a crime), the abettor and the accomplices (conspirators).

《刑法典》总则(第19至21条)规定，犯罪方包括实施方和共同行为方(参与犯罪者)、教唆方和从犯(共谋)。

Publicly and unambiguously condemn the use of all forms of torture, addressing in particular law enforcement officers, the armed forces and prison staff, and including in its statements clear warnings that any person committing or participating in such acts or acting as an accomplice shall be held personally responsible before the law and shall be liable to criminal penalties.

尤其面向警察、武装部队和监狱管理人员，公开地、毫不含糊地谴责一切形式的酷刑做法，同时提出明确警告，任何犯有、参与或胁从此种行为者将个人承担法律责任并接受刑事处罚。