传染病菌种、毒种扩散罪（The crime of spreading infectious disease strains and viruses），是指从事实验、保藏、携带、运输传染病菌种、毒种的人员，违反国务院卫生行政部门的有关规定，造成传染病菌种、毒种扩散，后果严重的行为。后果特别严重的升格量刑。此罪名为过失犯罪（criminal negligence），若故意散布传染病菌种、毒种，危害公共安全的，应当根据以危险方法危害公共安全罪的规定追究刑事责任。犯罪主体为特殊主体，限于从事实验、保藏、携带、运输传染病菌种、毒种的人员。

传染病菌种、毒种，主要包括：

一类：鼠疫耶尔森氏菌、霍乱弧菌、天花病毒、艾滋病病毒。

二类：布氏菌、炭疽菌、麻风杆菌，肝炎病毒、狂犬病毒、出血热病毒、登革热病毒；斑疹伤寒立克次体。

三类：脑膜炎双球菌、链球菌、淋病双球菌、结核杆菌、百日咳嗜血杆菌、白喉棒状杆菌、沙门氏菌、破伤风梭状杆菌；钩端螺旋体、梅毒螺旋体；乙型脑炎病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、流感病毒、流行性腮腺炎病毒、麻疹病毒、风疹病毒。

参考双语法规：

《刑法》第331条规定：

从事实验、保藏、携带、运输传染病菌种、毒种的人员，违反国务院卫生行政部门的有关规定，造成传染病菌种、毒种扩散，后果严重的，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；后果特别严重的，处三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。

Any person who, in violation of the relevant provisions of the health administration department under The State Council, causes the spread of infectious disease strains or viruses by conducting experiments, storing, carrying or transporting them, shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention; If the consequences are especially serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years.

参考双语例句：

To strengthen efforts significantly towards the goal of universal access to comprehensive prevention programmes, treatment, care and support to prevent the spread of the HIV epidemic and alleviate and control the detrimental impact of HIV/AIDS on children and including by taking all appropriate measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, to provide timely, accurate diagnosis and effective treatment, including antiretroviral therapies and to ensure adequate alternative care and psychosocial support for children who have lost parents or other primary caregivers to HIV/AIDS.

大幅度地加大工作力度，推进普遍提供全面预防方案、治疗、护理和支助的目标，以防艾滋病毒流行病扩散，减缓和控制艾滋病毒/艾滋病对儿童的不利影响，包括采取一切适当措施防止母婴传播艾滋病毒，及时提供准确的诊断和有效的治疗，包括抗逆转录病毒疗法，并确保那些因艾滋病毒/艾滋病而失去父母或其他主要照顾者的儿童得到适当的替代照料和心理社会支助。