传染病防治失职罪，是指从事传染病防治的政府卫生行政部门的工作人员严重不负责任，导致传染病传播或者流行，情节严重的行为。

传染病（infectious/communicable/contagious disease）传播或者流行是指在一定范围内出现传染病防治法中规定的甲类、乙类或丙类传染病疫情的发生。

甲类传染病（Category A infectious disease）:鼠疫、霍乱。

乙类传染病（Category B infectious disease）:传染性非典型肺炎、艾滋病、病毒性肝炎、脊髓灰质炎、人感染高致病性禽流感、麻疹、流行性出血热、狂犬病、流行性乙型脑炎、登革热、炭疽、细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾、肺结核、伤寒和副伤寒、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、百日咳、白喉、新生儿破伤风、猩红热、布鲁氏菌病、淋病、梅毒、钩端螺旋体病、血吸虫病、疟疾。

丙类传染病（Category C infectious disease）:流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎、风疹、急性出血性结膜炎、麻风病、流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒、黑热病、包虫病、丝虫病，除霍乱、细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以外的感染性腹泻病。

相关法律法规：

《刑法》第409条规定：

从事传染病防治的政府卫生行政部门的工作人员严重不负责任，导致传染病传播或者流行，情节严重的，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。

A staff member of a government health administrative department engaged in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases is seriously irresponsible, causing the spread or prevalence of infectious diseases, and if the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention.

参考双语例句：

Indeed vaccinations combat very dangerous infectious diseases for which there are no cures available, or if cures exist, these are not always effective, or on the other hand the diseases can cause very serious complications.

事实上疫苗能抵御非常危险的传染疾病，对于这类危险的疾病，还没有一个治疗方案，或者虽说有，但也不总是有效的，或者是由于病情可能带来严重综合症。

The efforts exerted by the Council of Arab Ministers of Health, in cooperation with member States, with a view to implementing Goal 4, concerning the reduction of infant mortality rates, Goal 5, concerning the improvement of maternal health, and Goal 6, concerning the fight against contagious diseases, and the achievements that have been realized by Arab States in those respects.

阿拉伯卫生部长理事会与各成员国合作，努力实现关于降低婴儿死亡率的目标4，关于改善孕产妇保健的目标 5，和关于防治传染性疾病的目标 6，以及阿拉伯国家已在这些方面取得的成就。

The increase in the number of people with disabilities is due to a number of reasons, chief among which are civil strife and continuing wars; a high level of illiteracy; undernutrition and malnutrition; communicable diseases; poor health services; a low level of social assistance and services; accidents and domestic violence; poor economic conditions in most of the countries; and old age and natural calamities and disasters (AUC, 2005).

残疾人数增加有多种原因，其中最主要的是：内乱和持续战争；文盲率高； 营养不足和营养不良；传染病；保 健服务低下；社会援助和服务水平低下；事 故和家庭暴力；大多数国家经济条件差；以及老年病和自然灾害(非洲联盟委员 会，2005 年)。