Mortgage(抵押) 和 Pledge(质押),是比较常见的两个法律术语,这里我可以给你提供一个在中文语境下两个法律术语的区别解析:
首先可以看下两个词的概念解释:
质押:是指债务人或者第三人将其动产或权利移交债权人占有,将该动产或权利作为债权的担保。当债务人不履行债务时,债权人有权依照法律规定,以其占有的财产优先受偿。其中,债务人或第三人为出质人,债权人为质权人,移交的动产或权利为质物。
抵押:是指债务人或第三人对债权人以一定财产作为清偿债务。担保的法律行为。提供抵押财产的债务人或第三人称为抵押人;所提供抵押财产称为抵押物;债权人则为抵押权人,因此享有的权利称为抵押权,为担保物权的一种。
抵押设定之后,在债务人到期不履行债务时,抵押权人有权依照法律的规定以抵押物折价或以抵押物的变卖价款较其他债权人优先受偿。
抵押物可以是动产或不动产,但法律禁止流通或禁止强制执行的财产不得作为抵押物。
质押和抵押的根本区别在于是否转移担保财产的占有。抵押不转移对抵押物的占管形态,仍由抵押人负责抵押物的保管;质押改变了质押物的占管形态,由质押权人负责对质押物进行保管。
双语例句:
原文:
During the term of mortgage, if the mortgager transfers the mortgaged property without notifying the mortgagee or consignee, the mortgagee may still exercise his mortgage right on condition that the mortgaged property has been registered; the consignee who has obtained the ownership of the property may pay all the debts in the debtor's place to extinguish mortgage right. After payment, the consignee is entitled to initiate legal proceedings against the mortgager.
If the mortgaged property has not been registered, the mortgagee shall not be entitled to any claim against the consignee. Any consequent loss caused by the mortgagee shall in return be covered by the mortgager.
译文:
抵押权存续期间,抵押人转让抵押物未通知抵押权人或者未告知受让人 的,如果抵押物已经登记的,抵押权人仍可以行使抵押权;取得抵押物所有权的受让人,可以代替债务人清偿其全部债务,使抵押权消灭。受让人清偿债务后可以向抵押人追偿。
如果抵押物未经登记的,抵押权不得对抗受让人,因此给抵押权人造成损失的,由抵押人承担赔偿责任。
质押(Pledge):
原文:
Where the pledgor has no ownership on a movable and pledges such legally possessed movable, after the pledgee exercises his right of security without knowing such fact, said pledgor shall compensate the owner of the movable for the consequent loss.
译文:
出质人以其不具有所有权但合法占有的动产出质的,不知出质人无处分权的质权人行使质权后,因此给动产所有人造成损失的,由出质人承担赔偿责任。