法律上“social guest”如何理解啊?求详解。

法律上“social guest”如何理解啊?求详解。

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“social guest”这一术语主要出现在侵权法(tort law)中。在侵权法上,social guest 可直译为社交客人,指的是以社交性质目的进入他人的房地产区域者。 A person who comes onto the property of another on a social basis NOTE: A social guest can be either a licensee or an invitee. Some jurisdictions make no distinction, in effect categorizing all social guests as invitees, which means that the property owner is required to exercise due care in guarding or warning any social guest against injury. In other jurisdictions a social guest may be categorized as a licensee, in which case the property owner has a duty only to refrain from willfully or recklessly injuring or endangering the guest.


Social guest(社交客人)可分为两类:licensee(被许可人)和invitee(被邀请人),两者的区别在于房产的主人(即房地产的occupier)对他们各自承担的义务不同。就invitee(也称为business guest,licensee with an interest)而言,房地产所有人(property owner)或占有人房地产所有人(property owner)或占有人有行使应有的注意(due care)以防范或告戒“被邀请人”免受四周环境潜在危险伤害的义务;就侵权法的角度上讲, invitee应比licensee受到更多的保护及关照(he is placed upon a higher footing than a licensee), 典型范例如商店的顾客(the customer in a store)。而就licensee而言,其进入领地只是为自己的目的而非为房地产所有人的利益,在以往,就被特许人而言,所有人只承担不得有意或卤莽伤害或危害其的责任(a duty only to refrain from willfully or recklessly injuring or endangering the guest);现在,在多数司法管辖区(jurisdiction),房地产所有人也具有告知其自己知道但被特许人不知道的有关房地产四周潜在危险的义务。美国有些司法管辖区对social guest 未作licensee 和invitee的区分,按规定,这些地区所有的social guest 均应被视为具有invitee 的地位。


以下为相关示例,供参考:

Social guests. Although invited onto the property, social guests at residences are often considered licensees. However, an exception to this rule could apply.

社交客人。 尽管是被邀请进入该房产的,但住宅中的社交客人通常还是被认为是被许可人。 但是,可适用这一例外规定。


(参考文献:宋雷《法律术语翻译概要》)

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