表示“代替”含义比较常用的词有“substitute”“replace”“take the place of”，还有一个词组也有代替之意就是“stand in”，前三个词既可以指人也可以指物，但是“stand in”只能指人，具体见下文：

Substitute

Cambridge Dictionary对“substitute”的解释为“to use something or someone instead of another thing or person”，常用短语为“substitute A for B”，表示“用A替换B”，比如：Industry must reduce fuel consumption by substituting alternative fuels for fossil fuels.（工业必须使用替代燃料代替化石燃料以降低燃料消耗。）指人时，通常使用被动语态，比如：Dayton was substituted for Williams in the second half of the game.（在下半场比赛，Dayton代替Williams上场。）

例句：

（如作为该等货品或服务的代价而支付的金钱并非由政府提供）办学团体或（如办学团体有此决定）受让方在该人同意的情况下，并就所有目的而言，取代原本一方而成为该合约的一方，并须视为一向是该合约的一方。

(If the money paid in consideration of the goods or service is not provided by the Government) the sponsoring body or, where the sponsoring body so decides, the transferee shall, with the consent of the person, for all purposes substitute for the original party as the party to the contract, and shall be regarded as having always been the party.

Replace

Collins Dictionary对“replace”的解释为“If you replace one thing or person with another, you put something or someone else in their place to do their job.”，常用短语为“replace A with B”，表示“用B替换A”，比如，The majority of British people are opposed to replacing the pound sterling with the euro.（大多数英国人反对欧元取代英镑。）

例句：

政府当局表示，由于卫生署署长（下称“署长”）是条例草案下进口及出口强制性特许的批授当局，因此，当局会动议委员会审议阶段修正案（下称“修正案”），修订第72E(2)条，以“署长”一词取代首次出现的“政府”一词。由于政府会支付上述报酬，因此该条文其后对“政府”的提述，无需作出更改。

The Administration advised that as the Director of Health (DH) was the licensing authority for import and export compulsory licences under the Bill, it would move Committee Stage Amendments (CSAs) to amend section 72E(2) so that the word "Government" where it first appeared would be replaced with "the Director". As it would be for the Government to pay the remuneration, it was not necessary to change the reference to "Government" where it subsequently appeared in the provision.

Take the place of/take sb.’s place

Collins Dictionary对“take the place of/take sb.’s place”的解释为“If one thing or person takes the place of another or takes another’s place, they replace the other thing or person.”

例句：

纵使当局去年开始推出试验性质的社区律师服务计划，为没有律师代表的诉讼人提供免费法律意见，但是，这实在不能代替案件中代表律师的功能。

Even though the authorities launched a pilot community lawyer service scheme last year with a view to providing free legal advice to unrepresented litigants, this can hardly take the place of the function of legal representation in a particular case.

Stand in

Cambridge Dictionary对“stand in”的解释为“to do the job that another person was going to do or usually does, or to take that person’s place at an event, because they cannot be there”，表示“替代某人做某事”，常用的短语为“stand in for sb.”，比如：He stood in for his manager while she was away on maternity leave.（他在经理休产假期间代为履职。）

其名词形式为“stand-in”，Cambridge Dictionary对“stand-in”的解释为“a person who takes the place or does the job of someone else for a short time because that person is not available”，表示“替身、临时替代者”，比如：The planned keynote speaker was unable to attend, so we had to find a stand-in at short notice.（原定主旨发言人无法出席，所以我们必须尽快找一名替代发言人。）

例句：

The Chairman of the Review Body is responsible for leading the Review Body to examine and hear challenges in accordance with the Rules of Operation of the Review Body which were devised on the basis of provisions of the WTO GPA. He is specifically charged with deciding whether there is a prima facie case to support a challenge. Where he finds that a prima facie case exists, he must convene a Panel, which normally comprises himself and two other panel members to inquire into and decide on the challenge. The Chairman will lead the Panel to consider the appropriate rapid interim measures to be taken to preserve the commercial opportunities pending a Panel decision on the validity of a challenge. He will also guide the Panel to recommend appropriate corrective measures should a challenge be found valid. In the event that the Chairman is not able to perform his role, one of the two Deputy Chairmen will stand in for him as acting Chairman.

审裁组织主席负责领导组织的成员，按照《审裁组织的运作规则》，审议接获的投诉，并就投诉进行研讯。上述规则是根据世贸组织《政府采购协定》的条文制定的。其中主席须负责决定投诉的表面证据是否成立，如表面证据成立，主席须召开审裁小组研讯，小组成员通常包括主席本人和两名其他成员，负责就投诉进行调查和作出裁决。主席须领导小组议定适当的迅速临时措施，俾能在小组裁定投诉是否属实之前，保障商业机会。如投诉属实，主席亦须引导小组建议适当的纠正措施。假如主席未能执行其任务，两名副主席的其中一人会代替他署理主席一职。