请问什么是“坏人理论”?可以用英文badman theory表达吗?

请问什么是“坏人理论”?可以用英文badman theory表达吗?

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当然可以。“坏人理论”即由bad-man theory翻译而来。

 

《元照英美法词典》给“坏人理论”的释义为,一种法理学理论。它认为,从坏人的角度观察法律才能真正测定法律究竟是什么,因为坏人总会仔细、准确地确定法律规则所允许的范围,并在该规则限度内实施行为。该理论最早是由奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯〔Oliver Wendell Holmes〕于1897年在其文章《法律之路》〔The Path of the Law〕中提出来的。霍姆斯认为,一个社会的法律制度就是法律可能会对人们产生什么影响的一种预测,而不是以往被视为法律基础的伦理道德。而预测的最佳方法就是从一个不顾伦理道德的「坏人」的角度出发,因为他只是关心其行为是否会,或者其行为达到何种程度会受到法律这一公力的制裁。故该理论亦称为「预测论」〔prediction theory〕。

 

英文释义可参考LSD给出的释义:

The bad-man theory is a belief that a bad person's understanding of the law is the best way to know what the law really is. This is because a bad person will carefully calculate what they can get away with and what the rules allow. The theory says that we should predict how the law will affect a person, rather than thinking about what is right or wrong. This theory was first talked about by Oliver Wendell Holmes in 1897. He said that we should look at the law as a bad person would, who only cares about avoiding punishment, not about being good. This theory is also called prediction theory.

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