求here、there或where等作前缀的副词含义及译法?

求here、there或where等作前缀的副词含义及译法?

herein,hereto,hrereof还有同类型的其他一些词,长得差不多,用法有什么不同吗?

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英语中某些副词(here、there、where等词)往往作为前缀,与另外一个词构成一个正式法律词汇中的副词,在法律文件中用该等词汇,可以避免重复,使行文准确、简洁。该等词汇包括:hereby,hereof,hereto,therein,thereof,thereafter,whereas,whereby等。在翻译或拟定法律文件时,应注意弄清前缀后的to,in,of等词的含义。下面分别举例:


1.This Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto) represents the entire understanding and agreement between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.

本协议(包括其附件和附录)构成双方关于其标的事宜的完整谅解和协议。


解析:hereto有tothis Agreement之意,hereof有of this Agreement之意,译文为使行文简洁,均译为“其”。


2.Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 9.4(c), the provisions of Section7.11(g) will control with respect to the defense, negotiation, compromise or settlement of any Tax Proceedings contemplated thereby.

尽管第9.4(c)条包含任何相反规定,关于第7.11(g)条项下任何税收程序的抗辩、谈判、让步或和解,应当适用第7.11(g)条的规定。


解析:contemplatedthereby有contemplatedby Section 7.11(g)之意,可译为“第7.11(g)条项下”。


Instructionsfor the issuance of letters of credits, the letters of credit themselves, andinstructions for amendmentsthereto shall be complete and precise.

开立信用证的指示、信用证本身以及有关信用证修改的指示必须完整、明确。


解析:thereto有tothe letter of credit之意,amendments thereto 可译为“信用证修改的”。


3.Whereas Party B has the right and agrees to grant Party A the rights to use,manufacture and sell the Contract Products of Patented Technology.

鉴于乙方有权并同意将专利技术的合同产品使用权、制造权和销售权授予甲方。


解析:whereas有becauseof the fact that…之意,用于法律文件句子的开头,通常译为“鉴于”。

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