请问以下两句话中的“pleadings”该如何理解?

请问以下两句话中的“pleadings”该如何理解?

被浏览
0

No mention shall be made of any mediation efforts in documents or written pleadings submitted to the Dispute Tribunal or in any oral arguments made before the Dispute Tribunal. 


Respondent noted that, in the first round of pleadings, a witness statement of Mr. A, CEO of Claimant, had been submitted, whereas, in the latest round of submission, an expert report of Mr. Aitzetmüller was submitted.


“pleadings”主要有两层含义:


1.诉讼文件、诉状

诉讼当事人交替向法庭及对方提交的书面文件,以提出诉讼请求、陈述诉讼理由或进行答辩。旧时普通法诉讼中的诉状包括原告的起诉状〔declaration〕、被告的答辩状〔plea〕、原告的答辩状〔replication〕、被告的次轮答辩状〔rejoinder〕、原告的次轮答辩状〔surrejoinder〕、被告的三轮答辩状〔rebutter〕、原告的三轮答辩状〔surrebutter〕。衡平法诉讼中的诉状包括原告的起诉状〔bill of complaint〕、被告的各种答辩状〔demurrer,plea,answer or disclaimer〕或其混合形式、原告的答辩状〔replication〕等。目前在英国高等法院的诉讼程序中,起诉状、被告答辩状及原告答辩状分别称为statement of claim,statement of defence和reply,其后的诉状仍旧沿用普通法诉讼中的名称。在美国,普通法上严格的诉状体系已大大得到简化,其作用也已大大降低,对事实及争议点的限定通过披露程序〔discovery〕及审前会议〔pretrial conference〕完成。根据《联邦民事诉讼程序规则》〔Federal Rules of Civil Procedure〕,诉状包括起诉状〔complaint〕、答辩状〔answer〕、反诉答辩状〔reply to a counterclaim〕、交叉诉讼答辩状〔answer to a cross-claim〕、第三方起诉状〔third party complaint〕及第三方答辩状〔third party answer〕。在诉讼过程中提交或使用的申请书〔motions〕、律师辩论意见书〔briefs〕、宣誓书〔affidavits〕等属于广泛意义上的法庭文件〔court papers〕,而不属于诉状。


2.诉答;诉答程序

确定和缩小诉讼争点〔issues〕范围的程序,当事人在此阶段通过提交正式书状来阐明其各自的主张


就第一句话而言,其与documents并列,且并没有任何明显的程序性指向词,因此,译为“诉状”更为合适。

No mention shall be made of any mediation efforts in documents or written pleadings submitted to the Dispute Tribunal or in any oral arguments made before the Dispute Tribunal. 

凡提交争议法庭的文件或诉状,或在争议法庭进行的任何口头辩论,均不得提到任何调解努力。 


就第二句话而言,其前面的修饰词first round很明显指的是程序。因此,选择其第二层含义更为合适。

Respondent noted that, in the first round of pleadings, a witness statement of Mr. A, CEO of Claimant, had been submitted, whereas, in the latest round of submission, an expert report of Mr. A was submitted.

首先,被申请人指出,申请人在第一轮诉答程序中,提交了其首席执行官A先生的证词,而在最近一轮提交文书环节中,申请人提交了A先生的专家报告。

推荐标签
换一换
推荐专题
换一换
旗渡客服