提单(Bill of Lading)是由承运人或其代理人向托运人签发的一种海运单据。承运人在接管了货物或将货物装船后,通常会签发具有同等效力的提单正本一式三份。如果其中一份提单完成提货,其他几份则自动失效,以保证一套提单提货的唯一性。提单不仅是收货人到目的港提货的依据,也是发货人凭以向银行结算货款的重要单据之一。提单的每一个环节都必须十分仔细,以确保交易的顺利完成。在国际贸易中,提单主要有以下几种类型:(1)on board B/L已装船提单;(2)received for shipment B/L;(3)clean B/L清洁提单;(4)foul B/L 不清洁提单;(5)straight B/L 记名提单;(6)bearer B/L不记名提单;(7)order B/L指示提单;(8)long form B/L全式提单;(9)short form B/L简式提单;(10)direct B/L直达提单;(11)through B/L联运提单;(12)transshipment B/L转船提单;(13)liner B/L,班轮提单;(14)charter party B/L租船提单;(15)stale B/L过期提单;(16)on deck B/L舱面提单;(17)container B/L集装箱提单;(18)house B/L运输代理人提单。
如:
1.The straight bill of lading is used a lot in the shipping practice, though it can't be negotiated as an order bill of lading or a bearer bill of lading.
虽然记名提单不能像指示提单和空白提单那样自由转让,但是在航运实务中记名提单的使用也较多。
2.This B/L is not negotiable unless marked "To Order" or "To Order of…" here.
此提单不可转让,除非此处有“指示”或“凭……指示”的标识。
3.Using letter of indemnity to obtain a clean B/L is a common practice.
用保函换取清洁提单被普遍采用。