liquidation:在法律英语中通常指企业的清算,
例句:If a receiver, manager or other custodian (interim or permanent) of the Collateral or any part thereof is appointed by private instrument or by court order, if any execution, winding up, liquidation, sequestration, extent or other process of any court becomes enforceable against of with respect to the Debtor or the Collateral or any part thereof, or if distress or analogous process is made against the Collateral or any part thereof.如果根据私下协议或法院命令,对“担保物”或其任何部分任命了接管人、管理人或其它保管人(暂时或永久的),或如果任何法院对“债务人”或“担保物”或其任何部分的任何执行、倒闭、清算、扣押、扣留或其它处分成为可执行的,或如果对“担保物”或其任何部分提起扣押或类似处分。
清盘(liquidation 或 winding up)是一种法律程序,公司的生产运作停止,所有资产(包括生财工具的机械、工厂、办公室及物业),在短期内出售,变回现金,然后按先后次序偿还(分派给)未付的债项,之后按法律程序,宣布公司解散的一连串过程。清盘可以简单分为两种,包括:(1)自动清盘(Voluntary liquidation): 该公司成员例如合伙人、有限公司股东的意愿,认为公司的原先使命已经完成,又或者公司再经营下去也不必要,所以主动清盘,把资产出卖,变回现金,分派给债主及股东等,结束其公司法律个体。此一类清盘未必所谓“资不抵债”的。(自动清盘又可分为1.公司成员自动清盘:当公司的成员决定公司进行自动清盘并解散公司,自动清盘便会进行。若果公司的成员议决公司进行清盘,公司通常便会停止运作而自动清盘亦会宣告开始。如果公司有偿还债务能力,而公司成员又能提供法定的声明以证明公司的偿还能力的话,该清盘会视为公司成员自动清盘。2.债权人自动清盘:债权人自动清盘及股东自动清盘的分别在于资债能否相抵,如资不抵债属前者,相反则属后者。但无论是前者还是后者,都是先由股东召开特别会议通过清盘决议,然后召开债权人会议,届时所有债权人亦须出席,如银行、供应商等,如所有债权人亦同意公司清盘,即可达成自愿性清盘的条件,当决定清盘后,便需指派清盘人负责一切清盘事宜,如公司资不抵债,清盘人就由股东建议人选,由债权人做最后决定,但若资产多于债务,则直接由股东委任。)(2)强制清盘(Compulsory liquidation): 因一间公司的资金不能抵偿负债,债主以民事法追讨,最后法院出强制清盘令。为了更好的理解该词,以下是其英文释义:Winding up is the process of dissolving a company. While winding up, a company ceases to do business as usual. Its sole purpose is to sell off stock, pay off creditors, and distribute any remaining assets to partners or shareholders. The term is used primarily in Great Britain, where it is synonymous with liquidation, which is the process of converting assets to cash.
双语例句:
(1)As a facilitator to the negotiation with a client reluctant to accept this clause, as a last resort you can offer the client that he will bear the loss but will also gain the benefit of the winding up of metal hedging depending on the metal markets trends.
您应与不愿接受该条款的客户积极谈判,作为谈判的最终结果,您可以向客户明确客户将承担损失,但也从金属对冲的清盘中获益,具体取决于金属市场的趋势。
(2)Any remittance made by foreign investors from the proceeds of the sale or transfer of shares of assets upon liquidation or winding up of enterprises are exempted from the payment of any tax.
外国投资者通过销售或者通过清算进行资产股份转让或者企业清盘所获得的收益如果汇回本国,将免除任何税收。
(3)Meanwhile, the Austrians have the opposite set of policy guidelines and have heroically held to their recipe of liquidation.
不过,奥地利人有着恰恰相反的政策指导措施并自豪地坚持清算才是解决危机之道。