Interlocutory injunction 中间禁制令；临时性禁制令

指在法院对相关事实作出最终判定之前为维持当事人之间的现状而发布的禁制令。在美国，通常认为中间禁制令包括两类，一是预备性禁制令〔preliminary injunction〕，法院应在给予被告人通知及参加就是否应签发该禁制令而举行的听审的机会之后，才能签发；二是临时禁止令〔temporary restraining orders〕，它是在如果不及时提供救济将会造成不可弥补的损害，而时间又不允许送达通知和举行听审的情况下由法院签发。所以它与前者的区别在于它是由法院为一方当事人的利益而签发的，没有给予对方事先通知及参加听审的机会。但也有许多司法区不将临时禁止令作为禁制令的一种。

An Interlocutory Injunction is an equitable remedy which aims to preserve the status quo by preventing one party from committing, repeating or continuing a wrongful act prior to trial. They are often used to ensure that money remains in a bank account, prevent assets from being sold or to restrain the other party from continuing to do something, for example, contacting your clients or employees. They are effectively a smaller action within a larger claim which gives rise to a temporary remedy which may become permanent if the applicant is successful in the larger claim.

例句1

An interlocutory injunction is a court order to compel or prevent a party from doing certain acts pending the final determination of the case. It is an order made at an interim stage during the trial, and is usually issued to maintain the status quo until judgment can be made.

中间禁制令是一种法院命令，旨在迫使或阻止一方在案件最终裁定之前采取某些行动。它是在审判的中间阶段发出的命令，通常是为了维持现状，直到可以做出判决。

例句2

He suggested that the plaintiff had to show that ‘irreparable injury’ would be suffered, for which common law damages would not be adequate compensation, unless an injunction was granted. The main difficulty associated with granting an interlocutory injunction is that the court must consider whether the likelihood of a legal action being established is sufficiently strong for the injunction to be granted.

他建议原告必须证明会遭受“不可挽回的伤害”，除非获得禁令，否则普通法上的损害赔偿并非足够的赔偿。授予中间禁制令的主要困难在于，法院必须考虑法律诉讼成立的可能性是否足够大，从而可以授予禁制令。

例句3

An interlocutory injunction is granted to preserve the status quo pending a full determination of the matter in question. An interlocutory injunction is usually stated to last until the determination of the issues in the proceedings after a full trial or until further order.

在对所涉问题作出全面决定之前，通常下达中间禁制令以维持现状。中间禁制令通常被阐释为持续到经过全面审判后对诉讼程序中的问题作出裁定，或直到进一步的命令。

例句4

With a view to avoiding the potential injustice of such situations, the court has the power to make a provisional order before trial to regulate the position between the parties pending the trial. This order is called an “interlocutory injunction”, and is usually a temporary version of the type of injunction the plaintiff will seek at the trial.

为了避免这种情况的潜在不公正，法院有权在审判前发布临时命令，以规范审判前各方之间的立场。这一命令被称为“中间禁制令”，通常是原告在审判中寻求的临时性禁制令。