要约收购 Takeover bid / Tender offer
要约收购,又叫做"买断合并",是指收购人为了取得上市公司的控股权,并且取得被收购公司几乎全部的股份(至少95%以上股份) 向所有的股票持有人发出购买该上市公司股份的收购要约,收购该上市公司的股份。在英国被称为Takeover bid,在美国则被称为Tender offer,是指收购方通过向被收购公司的股东发出购买其所持该公司股份的书面意思表示,并按照其依法公告的收购要约中所规定的收购条件、收购价格、收购期限以及其他规定事项,收购目标公司股份的收购方式。
A takeover bid is a type of corporate action in which a company makes an offer to purchase another company. In a takeover bid, the company that makes the offer is known as the acquirer, while the subject of the bid is referred to as the target company. The acquiring company generally offers cash, stock, or a combination of both in an attempt to assume control of its target.
例句1
Any activity that is expected to have a direct, material impact on its stakeholders (e.g., shareholders and creditors)—is called a corporate action. Corporate actions require the approval of the company's board of directors, and, in some cases, approval from certain stakeholders. Corporate actions can vary, ranging from bankruptcy and liquidation to mergers and acquisitions such as takeover bids.
任何预期会对其利益相关者(如股东和债权人)产生直接、实质性影响的活动都被称为企业行为。企业行为需要公司董事会的批准,在某些情况下,还需要某些利益相关方的批准。企业行为可能各不相同,从破产和清算到兼并和收购,如要约收购。
例句2
Managers of potential acquirers often have different reasons for making takeover bids and may cite some level of synergy, tax benefits, or diversification. For instance, the acquirer may go after a target firm because the target's products and services align with its own. In this case, taking it over could help the acquirer to cut out the competition or give it access to a brand new market.
潜在收购方的经理们通常有不同的理由进行要约收购,并可能引用某种程度的协同效应、税收优惠或多样化。例如,收购者可能会因为目标公司的产品和服务与自己的产品和服务一致而去收购目标公司。在这种情况下,收购它可以帮助收购者消除竞争或进入一个全新的市场。
例句3
A tender offer is a bid to purchase some or all of shareholders' stock in a corporation. Tender offers are typically made publicly and invite shareholders to sell their shares for a specified price and within a particular window of time. The price offered is usually at a premium to the market price and is often contingent upon a minimum or a maximum number of shares sold.
要约收购是购买一家公司部分或全部股东股票的投标。要约收购通常是公开进行的,邀请股东在特定的时间内以特定的价格出售他们的股份。出价通常高于市场价格,并且通常取决于出售股份的最低或最高数量。
相关知识拓展:
要约收购的分类:
根据要约的发出是否基于收购人的意愿,要约收购又可分为强制要约收购和自愿要约收购。
自愿要约收购是指收购人自愿作出收购决定,并根据目标公司总股本确定预计收购的股份比例,在该比例范围内向目标公司所有股东发出收购要约;
强制要约收购则是指在收购人持有目标公司已发行股份达到一定比例,以致获得对目标公司的控制权时,法律强制其向目标公司的所有股东发出收购其所持有的全部股份的要约。
要约收购的特殊性:
就本质而言,要约收购也是一种证券交易行为,但其与一般证券交易行为相比,具有以下特殊性:
(1)交易双方的不平等性。证券交易的购买方,即发出要约的收购者一般是一个有备而来的公司,而收到要约的目标公司股东,通常是处于分散状态下的中、小股东,事先他们对收购的来临一无所知、毫无防备。
(2)收购目的的特殊性。要约收购的目的并不是通过转售公司的股票牟利,而在于取得目标公司相对多数的股份以掌握公司的控制权。如果单纯出于投资的目的,从所负担的风险和成本而言都是不合理的。所以,要约收购是组建企业集团或公司兼并的重要手段。
(3)价格优厚。为保证收购目的的完成,收购人通常提供的收购价格远远高于证券市场上该股份的正常交易价格。根据国外要约收购实践,要约收购的价格通常会超过该股份市价的20%以上。
(4)目标公司股东承受着巨大的压力。收购要约发出后,目标公司股东必须在要约规定的承诺期间内作出接受或者拒绝要约的决定,而承诺期限通常比较短。虽然对价优厚,但继续持有股份也许会更有利,否则收购人不会愿意高价收购,不过选择继续持股,他们又担心收购人收购完成后掠夺公司,反而使他们在公司中的处境更为不利。